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扎塘寺壁畫法華圖像與11—14世紀中國多民族藝術史的重構——文殊彌勒、釋迦文殊與藏漢佛教義理的圖像形成史
Author 謝繼勝 (著)
Source 文藝研究=Literature & Art Studies
Volumen.11
Date2021
Pages130 - 146, 161 - 165
Publisher中國藝術研究院
Publisher Url http://www.gscaa.cn/
Location北京, 中國 [Beijing, China]
Content type期刊論文=Journal Article
Language中文=Chinese
Abstract《法華經》與法華信仰是中古時期河西和中原地區佛教美術最常見的表現題材之一,此前學界認為它們與藏傳佛教關聯不多。然而,西藏山南地區始建于11世紀初的扎塘寺佛殿壁畫中以眷屬環繞的單尊大像確系表現敘事情節的法華經變相。其壁畫中佛陀靈鷲山演說般若場景及文殊彌勒菩薩對坐圖,取代了漢地佛教自西秦和北魏以來釋迦多寶造像二佛并坐樣式,是西藏藝術此時因應《法華經》再度傳播的社會思潮、借鑒波羅藝術樣式發展出來的新圖式,并引領了西藏藝術中上師對坐圖像的涌現;壁畫所表現的釋迦、文殊與彌勒三尊統攝漢藏佛教義理,以文殊彌勒對坐圖預示藏傳佛教中觀甚深見與瑜伽廣大行,即中觀與唯識學說兩軌體系。中觀或包容唯識的中觀的興盛亦可以解釋西藏藝術傳承中二菩薩對坐逐漸演變為文殊單尊的原因,同時也可以進一步追溯薩迦上師、宗喀巴等藏傳佛教文殊形象祖師像的來源。而認定文殊彌勒對坐像的形成恰好反映了漢藏佛教義理圖像的形成史。
ISSN02575876 (P); 02575876 (E)
Hits78
Created date2024.04.23
Modified date2024.07.02



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