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西藏佛教之傳入蒙古與影響
Author 林崇安 (著)=Lin, Chung-an (au.)
Source 西藏研究論文集
Volumen.2
Date1989.10
Pages173 - 178
Publisher西藏研究委員會
Location臺北市, 臺灣 [Taipei shih, Taiwan]
Content type專題研究論文=Research Paper
Language中文=Chinese
Keyword西藏佛教; 蒙古佛教; 薩迦派; 噶舉派; 覺朗派; 格魯派; 達賴三世, 咱雅班智達, 哲布尊丹巴
Abstract西藏佛教後弘時期內,從西元一○四○年頃至一二四○年頃有噶當派,薩迦派及噶舉派之興起。從一二四○年頃起,薩迦派與噶舉派之教法開始傳入蒙古王室。元朝歷代共封十幾位帝師,皆為薩迦派之人物,而噶舉派之噶瑪拔希及其轉世對蒙古王室關係亦甚密切,並傳法至內外蒙古。此二派與王室之關係,主在祈褔消災,灌頂或顯示靈異以度眾。西元一四四○年頃起,覺朗派及上承噶當派之格魯派興起。覺朗派之多羅那他大師,親赴喀爾喀部傳法二十年,對外蒙佛教影響甚大。格魯派之達賴二世剃度土默特部,鄂爾多斯部及科爾沁部之蒙古王族成員出家,學習格魯派教法,奠定了佛法深入蒙古之基礎。其後厄魯特四部領袖各派,子至拉薩當格魯派僧人,此中學成返回蒙古傳法之咱雅班智達,使得佛法遍及蒙古西部與北部。西元一六三七年支持格魯派之和碩特部固始汗擒殺支持噶舉派之喀爾喀部郤圖汗後,噶舉派對蒙古之影響驟消;西元一六五一年多羅那他轉世哲布尊丹巴一世改宗格魯派,從此整個蒙古皆宗奉格魯派之教法。清朝一方面冊封前後藏之達賴,班禪,一方面扶植章嘉及哲布尊丹巴各在內外蒙古之宗教領袖地位。由於格魯派之教法,注重教理之基礎訓練,故使佛教在蒙古紮根,並透過寺院之教育,使蒙古地區之文化水準提昇,並使各部落門之凝聚力更為堅強。
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Created date1998.07.22
Modified date2019.11.19



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