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文字禪、看話禪、默照禪與念佛禪
Author 方立天
Source 中國禪學=Chan Studies
Volumen.1
Date2002.06
Publisher河北禪學研究所; 中華書局
Publisher Url http://www.zhbc.com.cn/
Location中國 [China]
Content type期刊論文=Journal Article
Language中文=Chinese
Note作者1933年生於浙江永康市。現為中國人民大學哲學系教授、佛教與宗教學理論研究所所長,博士生導師,《中國哲學史》主編,河北禪學研究所學術委員。發表有《魏晉南北朝佛教論叢》、《華嚴金師子章校釋》、《慧遠及其佛學》、《佛教哲學》等專著。
Keyword文字禪; 看話禪; 默照禪; 禪淨雙修=禪淨合一=念佛禪; 禪宗=Zen Buddhism=Zazen Buddhism=Chan Buddhism=Son Buddhism; 中國佛教史=Chinese Buddhist History
Abstract北宋初期臨濟宗人和雲門宗人等,採用偈頌(詩歌)等體裁,從文字上追求禪意,以不點破為原則,繞路說禪,使禪風出現了由”不立文字”到『文字禪』的變化。臨濟宗人大慧宗杲,主張從公案中提出某些語句,作為題目來參究,以掃蕩一切思量、知解,力求獲得真正的禪悟。他所創立的禪法被稱為『看話禪』。曹洞宗人宏智正覺,認為看話禪滯於公案功夫,不利解脫,提倡默照禪的觀行方法。「默」指沈默專心坐禪;「照」是以智慧觀照原本清淨的靈知心性。『默照禪』就是守默與般若觀照相結合的禪法,是基本上以打坐為主的修習方式。唐末五代法眼宗禪師延壽,高揚禪淨雙修一致之道,融「淨土」理念於禪宗理論和實踐中,以往生西方淨土為禪修的終極目標和最高理想。此後,『念佛禪』幾乎席捲整個中國禪界。

Table of contents一、繞路說禪的文字禪
二、參究話頭的看話禪
三、守默觀照的默照禪
四、禪淨合流的念佛禪
ISSN1609476X
Hits645
Created date2004.05.07
Modified date2014.04.25



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