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Gendered Symbols in Theravada Buddhism : Missed Positives in the Representation of the Female=上座部佛教的性別化符號 -- 被忽略的正面女性表述 |
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| Author |
Crosby, Kate
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| Source |
玄奘佛學研究=Hsuan Chuang Journal of Buddhism Studies
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| Volume | n.9 |
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| Date | 2008.03.01 |
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| Pages | 31 - 47 |
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| Publisher | 玄奘大學 |
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| Publisher Url |
http://ird.hcu.edu.tw/front/bin/home.phtml
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| Location | 新竹市, 臺灣 [Hsinchu shih, Taiwan] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 英文=English |
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| Note | The author is Senior Lecturer in Buddhist Studies, SOAS, London, U.K.=英國倫敦大學亞非研究學院佛教研究教授 |
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| Abstract | The aim of reinstating the Theravada nuns’ lineage has been a major motivating force in the production of Buddhist feminist and Buddhological gynocentric writings. While this is inspired by the wealth of evidence in Theravada literature for the intended inclusion of women on the soteriological path, so far the literatures of Mahayana and VajrayAna Buddhism have been far more productive than Theravada sources for the creation of modern feminist eadings. Nevertheless, there has been something of an imbalance in the chronological spectrum of sources used, with Mahayana and VajrayAna literature being drawn from across the centuries, while most examinations of Theravada sources confine themselves, with rare exceptions, to the Theravada canon. Even within the canon the focus for eliciting paradigms of Theravada approaches to the feminine has tended to be a relatively narrow selection of texts. My purpose here is to look at how current categorisations of the ways in which the feminine is represented in Buddhist literature are affected if we examine a broader range of Theravada literature and related practice. In this paper, I shall draw on material from the earliest, the ‘medieval’ and the pre-modern periods of Theravada to extend and qualify how Theravada is currently represented in Buddhist feminist writings. In so doing, I show a far greater range of the appropriation of feminine and androgynous symbols within Theravada soteriology and cosmography than previously observed. These provide authority for some of the positive feminist readings of Theravada similar to those found in relation to Mahayana and VajrayAna Buddhist symbolism.
在上座部佛教的文獻中，有大量證據顯示，女性本來就具有解脫成道的能力。受到這些證據的鼓舞，佛教女性主義者和佛教學中的大女人主義者，矢志恢復上座部佛教比丘尼的傳承，而這正是推動他們不斷發表作品的主要動力。截至目前，就現代女性主義的文本創作而言，北傳（大乘）佛教和藏傳佛教（金剛乘教法）的文獻，遠比上座部佛教的資料來源更為豐富。儘管如此，由於北傳和藏傳佛教的文獻被引用的時空跨距，綿延許多世紀，因此它們所使用的資料來源之年代範圍，一直存在著某種失衡的現象；反之，學者們對上座部佛教之資料來源的檢視，大部分都將其局限在上座部佛教聖典的範圍之內，鮮有例外。即使在聖典的範圍之內，上座部佛教對女性議題的處理方式，也傾向集中於比較狹隘的文本選擇，並以此做為推導研究範型的重心。本篇論文的目的在於探究：如果我們從比較寬闊的層面來檢視上座部佛教的文獻與相關的修行，則目佛教文獻中對女性表述之方式的分類特性，會受到何種影響？在本篇論文中，作者將引用上座部佛教的早期、中古期和前現代期的材料，藉此擴充並修正上座部佛教在目前佛教女性主義的文本中被表述的方式。透過這種作法，本文作者證明，在上座部佛教的解脫學和宇宙結構學的範圍之內，挪用女性與男性符號的範圍，遠比之前所觀察到的還要大。這些符號類似於在北傳和藏傳佛教的符號體系中所發現的那些符號，它們為上座部佛教中一些正面的女性主義文本，提供具權威性的典據。 |
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| ISSN | 18133649 (P) |
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| Hits | 824 |
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| Created date | 2010.08.09 |
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| Modified date | 2017.12.01 |
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