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南京弘覺寺塔地宮出土金銅尊勝塔像新考=New Study of the Gilt Bronze rNam rGyal mChod rTen Unearthed from the Underground Palace of Hongjue Monastery Pagoda(Hong Jue Si),Nanjing |
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| Author |
廖暘 (著)=Liao, Yang (au.)
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| Source |
故宮博物院院刊=Palace Museum Journal
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| Volume | n.6 |
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| Date | 2011 |
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| Pages | 42 - 57 + 161 |
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| Publisher | 紫禁城出版社 |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.culturefc.cn/index/product.jhtml?act=index
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| Location | 北京, 中國 [Beijing, China] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Note | 作者為中國社會科學院民族學與人類學研究所研究員。 |
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| Keyword | 頂髻尊勝佛母=Usnīsavijayā（Tib.gTsug tor rnam par rgyal ma）; 立體壇城=sculptural mandala; 尊勝塔=rNam rgyal mchod rten; 藏式塔=stūpas with Tibetan architecture style; 李童=Li Tong |
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| Abstract | 明正統初年太監李童施入弘覺寺塔地宮的金銅塔為藏式形制,屬善逝八塔中的尊勝塔,為目前內地發現的較早遺例。此塔保存有13至14世紀藏式塔的一些特徵,某些元素也體現出漢藏藝術的交融,並為探討善逝八塔形制的發展與成熟提供了重要線索。塔瓶內設頂髻尊勝佛母雕塑壇城,實現了壇城與尊勝塔空間的完美配置,標志著尊勝佛母造像居中的塔形龕到完整塔形的變化。塔底座四隅所置蓋罐或系壇城法器,或類似須彌座內納藏黑財神像、珍珠寶石的做法,與西藏起塔制度有關。將這件作品與同時期李童在北京營建的法海寺尊勝陀羅尼石幢結合起來討論,可窺見當時
The Tibetan-styled gilt bronze votive stūpa(Tib.mchod rten) preserved in the underground palace of Hongjue Monastery(Hong Jue Si) was commissioned by a eunuch named Li Tong in the first year of the Zhengtong(正統)reign(1436-49) of the Ming Dynasty.It has been studied to be rNam rgyal mchod rten of the Eight Great Caityas(Tib.bDe gshegs mchod rten brgyad),ranked among the earlier monuments of the sort that have ever discovered in the interior area of China.The 13th-14th century Tibetan architecture style and other elements it takes on display the blend of the Han-Tibetan artistry as well as the development in terms of shape and arrangement of the Eight Great Caityas.gTsug tor rnam rgyal lha dgu’i dkyil ’khor(Nine-deity Usnīsavijayā mandala) is enshrined inside the hollow stūpa vase,which results in the perfect combination of sculptural mandala with stūpa under the same name,indicating that the stūpa-shaped shrine where the goddess resides was transformed into a true stūpa.It is presumed that the jars with lids located at the four corners of the stūpa pedestal are related to the Tibetan Buddhist stūpa rituals,as is the Krsna Jambala(black Wealth Deity.Tib.Nor lha nag po) and jewels stored inside the pedestal.The study of the monument and the stone column inscribed with Usnīsavijaya Dhāranī which was also established under the supervision of Li Tong at Fahai Monastery,Beijing at the same period is of academic significance to look into what the Buddhist cults appealed to the imperial court at that time. |
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| Table of contents | 金銅塔形制特點 43
顶髻尊勝佛母九尊壇城雕塑 48
黑財神像與起塔制度 53
青花瓷蓋罐與壇城、起塔制度 54
小結 57
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| ISSN | 04527402 (P); 04527402 (E) |
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| Hits | 370 |
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| Created date | 2013.10.18 |
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| Modified date | 2019.09.19 |
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