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A Bodhisattva-Spirit-Oriented Counselling Framework: Inspired by Vimalakīrti Wisdom |
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| Author |
Cheng, Fung Kei
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Samson Tse
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| Source |
International Journal of Dharma Studies
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| Volume | v.2 n.1 |
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| Date | 2014.12 |
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| Publisher | SpringerOpen |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.springeropen.com
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| Location | Heidelberg, Germany [海德堡, 德國] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 英文=English |
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| Note | Author Affiliations
Fung Kei Cheng:Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Room 534, 5/F, The Jockey Tower Club, The Centennial Campus, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
Samson Tse:Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Room 520, 5/F, The Jockey Tower Club, The Centennial Campus, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China |
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| Keyword | Expressive art; Bodhisattva-mārga; Catvāri apramānāni; Cross-disciplinary research; Vimalakīrti Nirdeśa Sūtra; Self-benefiting altruism; Mixed method; Qualitative fieldwork |
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| Abstract | A number of studies have integrated Buddhist principles into therapeutic interventions, demonstrating effective outcomes; however, very little Buddhist textual data support the theoretical foundation of those models. This exploratory research conceptualises a counselling framework based on a canonical analysis of the Vimalakīrti Nirdeśa Sūtra, together with a qualitative inquiry. Thirty-eight informants, including helping service practitioners, Buddhist masters, Buddhist volunteers, and beneficiaries, were recruited through cold calls, social networks, referrals, and electronic mail. Forty-six semi-structured interview sessions, involving individuals and focus groups, were conducted in the form of face-to-face discussions, telecommunication, and correspondence. Data collection was performed using multiple sources, consisting of interviews, expressive art, and autobiographies. Both scriptural and fieldwork data were analysed with the aid of ATLAS.ti 7, a software package; while interview data were processed under phenomenological interpretative analysis. Different levels of triangulation were employed to enhance the research rigour, including member-checking of transcriptions and data interpretation, and peer analysis, with an inter-rated reliability of 92%. This bodhisattva-spirit-oriented counselling framework was then finalised with two super-ordinate themes (philosophical concepts and propositions for counselling), 14 emergent themes, and 40 themes. This counselling framework, from the prajñā perspective, not only exhibits Mahāyāna wisdom, but also revitalises the practicality and applicability of catvāri apramānāni (the four immeasurables) in today’s contemporary context, approving the aspiration of the Buddha to serve sentient beings. |
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| Table of contents | background 1
methods 3
research design 3
a canonical analysis 3
qualitative inquiry 4
philosophical concepts 6
views of human nature 6
nature essentials 6
bodhi nature 7
anatman (non-self 無我) 8
nurture properties 9
avidya (ignorance 無明) 9
individual attributes 9
worldviews 9
pratitya-samutpada (the law of dependent origination 緣起法) 10
karma and cause-and-effect 12
life views 13
duhkha (suffering 苦) 13
the other shore (彼岸) 14
the bodhisattva spirit 15
Bodhicitta (enlightened mind 菩提心) 16
catvari apramanani (the four immeasurables 四無量心) 16
propositions for counselling 17
therapeutic mission 18
therapeutic goals 18
roles of a counsellor 19
a therapist 19
a facilitator 19
qualities of a counsellor 20
wisdom 20
congruence 21
self-cherishing 21
therapeutic relationships: bodhisattva-bodhisattva interplay 22
case conceptualisation 23
therapeutic strategies 24
therapeutic tactics 24
advaita (non-dualism 不二) 24
transcendence of defilements 25
gratitude for suffering 26
principles of skills 26
upaya (skillful means 方便) 26
intrigue 27
counselling techniques 27
metaphor 27
simile 28
humor 28
exaggerating 29
contrast 29
confrontation 29
silence 30
story-telling 30
psychoeducation 30
role model 30
discussion 31
interactions between philosophical concepts and propositions for counselling 31
compatibility of Buddhism and psychotherapy 32
limitations and future research directions 33
characteristics of this counselling framework 34
conclusion 34
endnotes 35
competing interests 44
authors' contributions 44
authors' information 44
acknowledgements 44
author details 44
references 45
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| ISSN | 21968802 (E) |
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| Hits | 413 |
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| Created date | 2014.11.04 |
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| Modified date | 2020.05.11 |
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