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仏教の社会的存在証明(レゾンデートル) : 伴林光平の<転向>の事例から=The Social Raison d'etre of Buddhism in Japan : The Conversion of Tomobayashi Mitsuhira
Author 森和也 (著)=Mori, Kazuya (au.)
Source 宗教研究=Journal of Religious Studies=シュウキョウ ケンキュウ
Volumev.84 n.3 (總號=n.366)
Date2010.12.30
Pages97 - 118
Publisher日本宗教学会
Publisher Url http://jpars.org/
Location東京, 日本 [Tokyo, Japan]
Content type期刊論文=Journal Article
Language日文=Japanese
Note森和也((財)東方研究会研究員)
Keyword日本; 江戸時代; 日本仏教; 宗教学; 伴林光平; 難解機能重荷; 於母比伝草; 園の池水; 神仏分離; 護法論; 排耶論; 排仏論
Abstract国学者伴林光平(文化一〇年生-文久四年歿)は、もとは周永の名を持つ浄土真宗の僧侶であった。光平は、その生涯において二度の還俗を行ったが、その還俗に至る思想的転換の過程をその著作からたどることができる。『難解機能重荷』(安政五年)では、仏教に対してキリスト教の布教およびその背後にある欧米列強の侵掠に対する防壁の役割を期待していた。これは当時一般的な護法論の主張の範囲内である。しかし、『園の池水』(安政六年)を経て、第二回目の還俗後の著作である『於母比伝草』(文久二年)になると、仏教の社会的な役割としてのキリスト教に対する防壁の役割はそのままでも、社会的に存在し得る条件は著しく制限され、国体を毀損しない限りにおいて神道の下位に位置づけられる存在とされるようになった。これは仏教を日本社会にとって有用か無用かという規準から、機能論的にとらえたものであり、その後の近代宗教史を予見させる点において注目すべき思想である。

The Japanese philologist Tomobayashi Mitsuhira (1813-1864) was a Jodo Shinshu Buddhist priest originally with the name "Shuei." Mitsuhira experienced "Genzoku," which is a return to secular life, twice in his lifetime. Therefore from reading his works, his ideological transformation process leading to his secularization can be traced. In his work Nageki no omoni (1858), Mitsuhira was expecting Buddhism to play a role as a barrier against the invasion of the Western powers behind the propagation of Christianity. This was a claim within Buddhist apologetics that was common in this time period. After writing Sono no ikemizu (1859), and finishing his second time of secularization, he wrote Omoidegusa (1862). In this work, he claimed that even the social role of Buddhism as a barrier to Christianity is unchanged, and the social conditions for Buddhism to exist have become severely limited. As the result, as long as there is no damage to the Kokutai or Japanese Constitution, Buddhism came to be positioned lower than Shinto. This change in his evaluation of Buddhism came from functionalism, where Buddhism is evaluated on whether it is useless or useful to Japanese society. At the same time, this new idea is remarkable in terms of predicting the history of Japanese modern religion that would continue after this period.
Table of contents[Table of Contents]

一、問題の所在 97
二、光平の還俗の検討 100
三、排仏の思想構造 104
1.『難解機能重荷』
2.『園の池水』
3.『於母比伝草』
四、おわりに 112
註 113
ISSN03873293 (P)
Hits178
Created date2016.03.17
Modified date2019.08.15



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