佛光寺東大殿實測數據解讀

張榮; 劉暢; 臧春雨

Author

張榮 ; 劉暢 ; 臧春雨

Source

故宮博物院院刊=Palace Museum Journal

Volume

n.2

Date

2007

Pages

28 - 51

Publisher

紫禁城出版社

Publisher Url

http://www.culturefc.cn/index/product.jhtml?act=index

Location

北京, 中國 [Beijing, China]

Content type

期刊論文=Journal Article

Language

中文=Chinese

Keyword

佛光寺東大殿=Eastern Hall of Foguang Si(Buddha Light Temple); 實測數據統計=actual-structure measurement; 用尺=chi measurement; 材份=cai & fen as dougong unit

Abstract

結合山西省古建筑保護研究所2004年、清華大學2005—2006年對五臺山佛光寺東大殿的手工測繪和三維激光掃描測量,本文借鑒前輩學者對于佛光寺東大殿原始設計尺寸權衡的論述,在今天毫米級精度的測量數據的基礎上,得出以下結論:東大殿所用營造尺長298毫米,中五間開間1丈7尺,標準柱高同之;斗拱材寬7寸;斗拱下昂斜度等于總舉斜度,基本斜度可描述成“平出47分?,抬高21分?”,總舉為此基本斜度的11倍,稍間、進深各間尺寸因此定為1丈4尺8寸;中平槫到柱頭的高度等于總舉高。通過上述的分析與結論,本文強調提高古建筑測繪數據全面性和精度的重要意義及深遠的科研前景。

The authors bring together the manul 3D-scanned and digital data derived from two surveys of the Grand Eastern Hall of Foguang Si(Buddha Light Temple)at Wutaishan conducted in 2004 by the Shanxi Provincial Ancient Architecture Conservation Institution and in 2005-2006 by Qinghua University,respectively.The authors also take into consideration the original measurements of the hall made by an earlier generation of scholars.The auther tries to translate the modern metrical values into the original architectural values,as follows:the original hall,measured with an ancient rule that was 298 mm long in today’s measurements, revealed that one bay of the five central bays of the hall was one zhang and seven chi in span, and that columns appropriate to support that span were erected.The width of the dougong bracketing materials was seven cun.The angle from the longer section of the bracketing could basically be described as 47units(1/10 of dougong width),while the lift angle was 21 degrees, thus increasing its range eleven times,thereby reducing the span to one zhang,four chi and eight tun.The height from the central middle purlin to the top of the column represents the actual height of lift.From the above analysis and conclusions,the authors emphasize the importance of precise and comprehensive measurement in providing a scientific basis for studying ancient architectural design.

Table of contents

一、關於重複實測的重要性和精度問題 29
二、斗拱材份與平面丈尺 34
三、外檐柱頭鋪作結構尺寸分析 41
四、從下昂斜度到舉折設計 44
五、結論和討論 49

ISSN

04527402 (P); 04527402 (E)

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