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戒律、僧制、人治:漢傳佛教內部制度的歷史變遷與危機=Precepts, Monastic Regulations, and "Rule by Man": The Historical Change of the Internal Administrative System of Han Chinese Buddhism and Its Crisis
Author 王大偉
Source 佛學研究=Buddhist Studies=Journal of Buddhist Studies
Volumen.2
Date2018
Pages10 - 22
Publisher中國佛教文化研究所
Location北京, 中國 [Beijing, China]
Content type期刊論文=Journal Article
Language中文=Chinese
Note作者單位:四川大學道教與宗教文化研究所
Keyword戒律; 僧制; 人治; 漢傳佛教內部制度; 危機
Abstract 佛教作為一個制度性宗教,一直都有良好的內部制度建構傳統。在歷史上,戒律起到過寺院制度性文獻的作用,但其逐漸變成了僧眾身份認同的神聖象徵並學術化。之後,僧制作為寺院的內部制度,曾從三綱制轉到叢林制,這是漢傳佛教的一大創造,但有著一千餘年歷史的叢林制度卻並未經歷過特別大的改革;同時,其也成為漢傳佛教中具有神聖象徵意義的制度文化,這套制度所形成的權力過度集中及某些有職僧人不受監督等現象,也是叢林制度中非常明顯的缺陷。漢傳佛教內部制度建設實際又面臨著需要其作出改變的社會環境,只有改良或構建一個符合戒律與世間法律,同時又能體現佛教平等、公平精神的制度,才能維持和推動漢傳佛教與這個時代最大程度的契合。
Table of contents一、作為制度的戒律與作為身分認同的戒律 11
二、僧制與“人治”在叢林制度中的糾纏 14
三、關於一般僧職在叢林制寺院中所受到的監督 18
四、餘論 21
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Created date2020.07.22
Modified date2020.07.22



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