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以東亞玄奘畫像為中心審視聖僧神化歷程=The Making of a Saint: Images of Xuanzang in East Asia |
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| Author |
王靜芬 (著)=Wong, Dorothy C. (au.)
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張善慶 (著)=Zhang, Shan-qing (au.)
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| Source |
敦煌研究=Dunhuang Research
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| Volume | n.2 (總號=n.156) |
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| Date | 2016 |
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| Pages | 16 - 31 |
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| Publisher | 敦煌研究編輯部 |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.dha.ac.cn/
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| Location | 蘭州, 中國 [Lanzhou, China] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Note | 1.作者單位：美國弗吉尼亞大學美術史系；作者單位：蘭州大學敦煌學研究所
2.本文原載Early Medieval China, vol.8, 2002, pp.43-81，譯文發表時，圖版略有刪減 |
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| Keyword | 玄奘=Xuanzang; 祖師肖像畫=portraits of religious founders; 行腳僧=tinerant monks; 西遊記=Journey to the West; 祖師崇拜=founder worship; 聖人傳記=sacred biography; 聖僧=saint |
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| Abstract | 玄奘大師歷盡艱辛，西行求法；翻經譯書，創立法相宗，生前身後，無限榮光，尤其是在中國和日本，被視為聖人或聖僧。玄奘崇拜包含四個不同的傳統：中國主流文學傳統、日本佛教祖師崇拜傳統、漢藏佛教和日本宗教聖像傳統、中國民俗傳統。在這四個文化傳統中，玄奘被賦予了不同的尊格，分別是佛教導師和翻譯家，是佛教宗派創立者；既是虔誠的朝聖者和信仰的傳播者，又是超自然力量的見證者和獲得者。玄奘大師的多重角色，反映了中世紀早期佛教與中國傳統文化的互動和融合，佛教傳播到其他文化領域所發生的嬗變，上層精英文化和民間信仰的區別以及視覺與文學藝術形式的交織。
In East Asian Buddhism, Xuanzang was revered as a saintly figure for his contributions: his pilgrimage to India to seek authentic Buddhist texts, his translations of them, and his founding of the Faxiang School of Buddhism. This essay examines four separate traditions in which he was revered: 1) the orthodox literary tradition in China; 2) the founder worship tradition in Japan; 3) the religious icon tradition in China, Japan, and Tibet, and; 4） the folkloric tradition in China. Each honored the man in a different role. Respectively, these were as a great Buddhist teacher and translator, the founder of a Buddhist sect, a pious pilgrim and transmitter of the faith, and as a witness to and recipient of supernatural help. Through a study of the artifacts associated with Xuanzang, the essay explores the processes by which he was transformed into a saintly figure. The manifold images of Xuanzang reflected the interaction and synthesis of Chinese and Indian Buddhist traditions that began during the early medieval period, further transformations when transmitted to other cultures, distinctions between elite and popular worship, and the intertwining of visual and literary forms of art. |
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| Table of contents | 一、中國主流文學傳統中的玄奘 18
二、日本宗教祖師崇拜傳統 20
三、漢傳佛教、藏傳佛教、日本宗教聖像傳統 22
四、中國民間傳統中的玄奘 27
結語 29 |
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| ISSN | 10004106 (P) |
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| Hits | 331 |
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| Created date | 2020.08.18 |
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| Modified date | 2020.08.18 |
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