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敦煌莫高窟東壁門上供養像的圖像意義=An Iconological Study of the Donor Figures on the Wall above the East Entrance of the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes |
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| Author |
陳明 (著)=Chen, Ming (au.)
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| Source |
敦煌研究=Dunhuang Research
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| Volume | n.6 (總號=n.160) |
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| Date | 2016 |
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| Pages | 50 - 57 |
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| Publisher | 敦煌研究編輯部 |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.dha.ac.cn/
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| Location | 蘭州, 中國 [Lanzhou, China] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Note | 作者單位：魯東大學國際教育學院
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| Keyword | 莫高窟=Mogao Grottoes; 父母像=portraits of donors' family elders; 邈真像=portraits; 升天思想=immortalization; 佛窟家廟化=family temple |
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| Abstract | 敦煌石窟有一種特殊的供養像，即在佛窟主室東壁門上繪製窟主的父母、祖父母形象或本家族其他長者形象。這種現象自蕃占時期出現，在晚唐歸義軍時期許多家族窟中多有仿效。結合中晚唐敦煌當地流行"邈真像"的社會現狀，並將其佛窟、佛寺或家廟(家祠)甚至墓葬等相關的禮儀建築聯繫起來考察，就會發現這類供養像與當時普遍流行的"邈真像"有極大的相似性，同時又是將佛教的"往生極樂"概念與中國傳統的羽化成仙觀念相結合的產物，表明佛窟功能進一步向具有家廟(家祠)功能的家窟轉化。繪製生者的供養像是表達了對家族有功者的旌表，而繪製父母(祖父母)像既有"邈真"的功能，同時又寄寓了祈願先祖升天、成仙的美好願望。
A special kind of murals found on the wall above the east entrance of the main chamber in the Mogao caves depicting portraits of the supporting donors' parents and grandparents or other seniors first appeared during the Tibetan Occupation and was continued into the family caves of the late Tang and Gui-yi-jun Regime periods. By associating this work with the local popularity of “portraits” and relevant ceremonial architecture such as Buddhist caves, temples, family temples and tombs, the author finds an uncanny similarity between these donor figures and other portraiture, and concludes that the portrayal of the donor figures in these murals resulted from a combination of the Buddhist idea of "being reborn into the Pure Land (Sukhāvatī)" and the traditional Chinese idea present since the Han dynasty of "ascending to heaven and becoming immortal." Both reflect that the donors wished for their seniors to be reborn in heaven as immortals and provide further evidence that Buddhist caves began at this time to function as family temples. |
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| Table of contents | 一、邈真像與家窟 51
二、佛窟與佛寺 52
三、佛窟與墓葬 54
四、佛窟東壁父母圖像的意義 55
五、結語 56 |
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| ISSN | 10004106 (P) |
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| DOI | 10.13584/j.cnki.issn1000-4106.2016.06.011 |
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| Hits | 213 |
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| Created date | 2020.08.24 |
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| Modified date | 2020.08.24 |
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