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高分子材料應用于莫高窟壁畫保護的歷史、現狀與研究=The History,Research Findings,and Current Condition of Polymeric Materials Used in the Conservation of Murals in the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes |
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| Author |
蘇伯民 (著)=Su, Bo-min (au.)
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張化冰 (著)=Zhang Huabing (au.)
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談翔 (著)=Tan Xiang (au.)
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張瑞 (著)=Zhang Rui (au.)
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| Source |
敦煌研究=Dunhuang Research
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| Volume | n.1 (總號=n.167) |
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| Date | 2018 |
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| Pages | 80 - 84 |
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| Publisher | 敦煌研究編輯部 |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.dha.ac.cn/
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| Location | 蘭州, 中國 [Lanzhou, China] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Note | 蘇伯民單位：敦煌研究院保護研究所所長、研究員 |
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| Keyword | 敦煌壁畫=Dunhuang murals; 保護材料=conservation materials; 歷史=history; 研究=research |
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| Abstract | 選用具有適宜黏結作用的高分子材料和科學的壁畫修復工藝,是修復保護莫高窟壁畫最關鍵的兩個技術要素。敦煌研究院自20世紀50年代起,就開始了起甲壁畫修復材料的試驗性工作,先后選擇卡塞因膠(酪素膠)、天然動植物膠、聚醋酸乙烯酯類、乙基纖維素、丙烯酸酯類、乙烯基酯-丙烯酸酯共聚類、有機硅改性丙烯酸酯類等多種材料,分別進行了莫高窟壁畫的修復試驗。修復工作和實踐證明,聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液(白乳膠)、丙烯酸及有機硅丙烯酸乳液和明膠三類是最適合莫高窟壁畫修復的材料。莫高窟已修復的洞窟壁畫已經歷了數十年的自然環境考驗,至今修復后的壁畫狀況穩定。但由于同種分子結構的化學材料來源不同,一些材料雖組成成分相同,但不同廠家的加工工藝和次要成分配比也不盡相同,因此需在實驗室內建立材料的評價方法,對各種不同來源的材料進行實驗室評價和考察,以保證和提高壁畫修復工作的科學性和質量。
Choosing polymeric materials with appropriate adhesion properties and treatment uses are the key considerations for conserving murals at the Mogao Grottoes. Since 1950, many natural and synthetic materials have been tested: KAZAINA Glue( which may be the same as " Casein Glue"), animal and vegetable glue,Polyvinyl Acetate Emulsion, Polyvinyl Alcohol, Polyvinyl Butyral, Ethylene Cellulose, Polymethyl Methacrylate, Styrene-Acrylic Emulsion, Vinyl Acetate-Acrylic Emulsion, Vinyl Acetate-Dibutyl Maleate Emulsion,Gelatin, and Acrylic and Silicon Modified Acrylic Emulsions. Based on decades of in situ restoration work and practice, this research finds that Polyvinyl Acetate Emulsion, Acrylic and Silicon Modified Acrylic Emulsion and Gelatin are the most suitable materials for these particular cave murals. The murals at Mogao protected with these polymeric materials have remained in good condition for decades in the open air of the natural environmentin which they were painted. Due to differences in chemical structure, composition, and product formula,the authors believe it is necessary to set up a systemic and scientific procedure by which to evaluate and assess mural conservation materials made or procured from different sources, so as to guarantee and improve the effectiveness and quality of mural conservation. |
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| Table of contents | 1 莫高窟壁畫保護材料篩選歷史 81
2 現狀和研究展望 83
3 結論 84 |
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| ISSN | 10004106 (P) |
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| Hits | 345 |
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| Created date | 2020.10.21 |
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| Modified date | 2020.10.28 |
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