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探索聖嚴法師傳法予居士的「演派名號」── 從臨濟宗鼓山派的法脈傳承談起=Exploring the System of “Dharma Name” for the Lineage Transmission to Lay People by Master Sheng Yen: The Gushan line of Linji Lineage |
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| Author |
釋果興 (著)=Shi, Guo-shings (au.)
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林其賢 (著)=Lin, Chih-sien (au.)
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| Source |
聖嚴研究：第七輯=Studies of Master Sheng Yen Vol.7
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| Date | 2016.01 |
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| Pages | 231 - 278 |
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| Publisher | 法鼓文化 |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.ddc.com.tw/
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| Location | 臺北市, 臺灣 [Taipei shih, Taiwan] |
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| Series | 聖嚴思想論叢 |
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| Series No. | 7 |
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| Content type | 專題研究論文=Research Paper |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Note | 作者單位：
1. 釋果興：法鼓山聖嚴書院講師 Lecturer, Sheng Yen Academy
2. 林其賢：國立屏東大學中國語文學系副教授 Associate Professor, National Pintung University |
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| Keyword | 聖嚴法師=Master Sheng Yen; 臨濟宗鼓山派=Gushan line of the Linji Lineage; 中華禪法鼓宗=Dharma Drum Lineage of Chinese Chan Buddhism; 傳法證書=Certificate of Transmission; 演派名號=Dharma name system for the transmission; 居士法子=Lay dharma heirs |
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| Abstract | 本文從文化歷史敘述僧人的名號源流，發掘出族譜式之演派訣傳統，釐清近代臨濟宗鼓山派完整的「演派名號」，探索中華禪法鼓宗成立的法源背景，進而能清楚地理解，聖嚴法師傳法予居士的思想特質，與傳承中華禪法鼓宗的時代意義。
聖嚴法師身兼臨濟宗鼓山派、曹洞宗焦山派兩支禪宗法脈傳承，但是二○○五年傳法時，並未以傳統的禪宗法脈相傳，而是創立中華禪法鼓宗傳法予僧、俗二眾法子。中華禪法鼓宗傳法使用之演派名號與臨濟、曹洞有何關聯？臨濟宗鼓山派的傳承與曹洞宗焦山派的傳承，對中華禪法鼓宗新創的演派名號有何影響？這是本文想要探討的主要問題。
傳法予在家居士，為中華禪法鼓宗傳法十分特殊之處，此由於在禪法的國際化發展上，聖嚴法師之西方法子多為在家居士；而亦當是由於聖嚴法師青年從軍時，以居士身分得到靈源禪師的啟悟，在當時發表文章，亦已記載居士頓悟因緣，故對在家居士傳承禪法抱持肯定的立場。然而如何於傳法中對僧俗有適當之安立與區別？
法鼓宗〈傳法證書〉的「演派名號」，是依據聖嚴法師賜字續演三十二個字，對傳法予僧、俗法子有不同的名號與排序，顯示在聖嚴法師思想中，禪法傳承的平等觀與僧俗倫理觀，為僧俗倫理做了巧妙的安排，同時也為中華禪法鼓宗的承先與創新密切綰合。
This paper traces back the full particulars of the Dharma name system for the sangha members from the history, excavates the lineage tradition in the family tree like naming system in order to clarify the complete “Dharma name system” in the contemporary Gushan line of the Linji Lineage, and to explore the background for establishment of the Dharma Drum Lineage of Chinese Chan Buddhism. Furthermore, this enables us to clearly understand the characteristics of Master Sheng Yen idea about the lineage transmission to lay people as well as the significance of the transmission of Dharma Drum lineage nowadays.
Master Sheng Yen carries the dharma transmission from two main lineages of Chan tradition, the Jiaosan line of the Caodong lineage and the Gushan line of the Linji lineage. Instead of following the traditional naming lineage in the Chan tradition, the Master established the Dharma Drum lineage of Chinese Chan Buddhism, in year 2005, for the transmission to his Dharma heirs, including both sangha members and lay disciples. What is the connection between the Dharma name used in the transmission of Dharma Drum lineage and the Linji lineage as well as Caodong lineage? What is the influence of these two lineages, as to the Dharma name system, onto the newly established Dharma Drum lineage? These are the main topics to be discussed in this paper.
The transmission to lay people is a special feature of the Dharma Drum lineage. That is for the propagation of Chan practice globally. Most of the Dharma heirs of Master Sheng Yen in the West are lay people. Also, the first profound Chan experience of Master Sheng Yen was inspired by Master Ling Yuan when he was a lay person. Master Sheng Yen mentioned about the sudden enlightenment experiences of lay people in several articles. It implies his positive attitude towards dharma transmission to lay people. Therefore, how to set appropriate arrangements for sangha members and lay people when transmitting the Dharma lineage? This issue will be clarified in this article.
The Dharma naming system on the Certificate of Transmission in the Dharma Drum lineage is based on a verse of 32 characters, which was composed by Master Sheng Yen. The system assigns different Dharma names and orders to Dharma heirs as a sangha member or lay person. This reveals the delicate consideration of Master Sheng Yen for the equality and ethics on the transmission of Chan lineage to these two groups. Meanwhile, it closely matches the inheritance of the past with the development into the future. |
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| Table of contents | 一、前言 233
二、臨濟演派．鼓山名號 234
（一）四個字的僧侶名字來由 234
（二）禪宗演派名號的傳統 236
（三）鼓山派的法脈傳承 238
三、剃法交錯．聖嚴傳承 242
（一）聖嚴法師在曹洞宗焦山派的傳承 242
（二）聖嚴法師在臨濟宗鼓山派的傳承 244
（三）剃派與法派的交錯 247
四、法鼓禪門．演派名號 249
（一）禪修悟道的因緣 249
（二）禪法西來向居士傳法 251
（三）傳法證書的演派名號 254
五、平等倫理．創造傳統 259
（一）禪師平等觀 261
（二）僧俗倫理 263
（三）創造新的傳統 266
六、結語：宗教師的時代意義 270
參考文獻 273
英文摘要 277 |
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| Hits | 358 |
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| Created date | 2020.10.23 |
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| Modified date | 2021.08.05 |
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