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paṃsukūlaについて=On paṃsukūla
Author 青野道彦 (著)=Aono, Michihiko (au.)
Source 불교학연구=Korea Journal of Buddhist Studies
Volumev.46
Date2016.03
Pages1 - 15
Publisher불교학연구회=佛教學研究會
Publisher Url http://www.kabs.re.kr/
LocationDaegu, South Korea [大邱, 韓國]
Content type期刊論文=Journal Article
Language日文=Japanese
Keywordpaṃsukūla; paṃsukūlika; sabbapaṃsukūlika; 糞掃衣=fènsǎoyī; 頭陀=dhuta
Abstract초기불교 출가유행자들은 paṃsukūla/pāṃsukūla라고 불리는 조악한 의복을 입고 있었다고 한다. 본고는 이에 대한 빨리어paṃsukūla의 의미에 관해 상좌부다사파(上座部大寺派)의 삼장, 특히 『비나야삐타카』에 근거하여 고찰한 것이다.
paṃsukūla는, 아베 지온(阿部慈)에 따르면, '오물 또는 쓰레기와도 같은, 쓸모없고 가치없는 것으로 여기저기에 버려진누더기를 기워 만든 옷'이라고 한다. 또한, J.Dantinne에 따르면, "un vêtement fait de haillons, trouvés sur un tas d'ordures, en rue, dans un cimetière"(쓰레기더미, 길거리, 묘지에서 발견한 누더기로 만든 웃)이라고 한다. 여기서 알 수 있듯이, 보통 paṃsukūla는 '누더기를 기워 만든 옷'으로 이해되고 있다.
하지만, paṃsukūla 및 그 파생형인 paṃsukūlika의 용례를 살펴보면, 이러한 이해는 충분하지 않다. paṃsukūla는 '누더기를 기워 만든 옷'이 아니라, 재료로서의 '누더기'를 의미하는 경우가 있는 것이다. 또한 paṃsukūla는 옷에만 국한되지 않고 다양한 것을 지칭하는데 사용되고 있어, 어원에 맞게 '쓰레기 더미, 쓰레기 무더기'의 의미로 이해해야하는 경우가 있다. 본고에서는 paṃsukūla의 이러한 의미를 paṃsukūla 및 paṃsukūlika의 용례를 들어 제시한다.

This paper examines the meaning of the term paṃsukūla as found in the Theravāda Tipiṭaka, especially the Vinayapiṭaka. It is thought that the early Buddhist monks wore paṃsukūla, described by Jion Abe as a “robe made of rags which were discarded here and there as useless and worthless things like filth.” This description is commonly accepted in foreign countries as well as in Japan. Jean Dantinne views it as “un vêtement fait de haillons, trouvés sur un tas d’ordures, en rue, dans un cimetière,” while Reginald A. Ray calls them/it “clothes made from cast-off rags.”
The popular definition of paṃsukūla in the Theravāda Tipiṭaka, is accurate in many cases, but the term does not always mean “robe made of rags.” It can also mean “refuse rags,” which are materials of robe. In addition, it is used to describe an ownerless “lump of refuse” or “heap of waste,” which is an original meaning of the term. This article provides examples of paṃsukūla and its derivative, paṃsukūlika, from the Theragāthā and the Vinayapiṭaka to validate the meanings described above.
Table of contentsI. はじめに 2
II.「襤褸切れ」を意味するpaṃsukūlaの用例 3
III. 原意に立ち返って理解すべきpaṃsukūlaの用例 4
IV. paṃsukūlaの多様性 6
V. 最後に 12

ISSN15980642 (P)
Hits64
Created date2021.06.16
Modified date2021.06.16



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