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莫高窟第196窟壁畫可溶鹽分析及相關問題研究=A Study on the Soluble Salts Used in the Murals of Mogao Cave 196 |
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| Author |
張亞旭 (著)=Zhang Ya-xu (au.)
;
于宗仁 (著)=Yu, Zong-ren (au.)
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王麗琴 (著)=Wang, Li-qin (au.)
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崔強 (著)=Cui, Qiang (au.)
;
水碧紋 (著)=Shui, Bi-wen (au.)
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孫勝利 (著)=Sun, Sheng-li (au.)
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| Source |
敦煌研究=Dunhuang Research
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| Volume | n.1 (總號=n.185) |
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| Date | 2021 |
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| Pages | 148 - 155 |
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| Publisher | 敦煌研究編輯部 |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.dha.ac.cn/
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| Location | 蘭州, 中國 [Lanzhou, China] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Note | 張亞旭：陜西省考古研究院
於宗仁：敦煌研究院保護研究所
王麗琴：西北大學文化遺產學院
崔強：敦煌研究院保護研究所
水碧紋：敦煌研究院保護研究所
孫勝利：敦煌研究院保護研究所 |
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| Keyword | 莫高窟=Mogao Grottoes; 第196窟=cave 196; 酥堿=salt efflorescence; 皰疹=blistering; 離子色譜=Ion Chromatography |
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| Abstract | 酥堿與皰疹是莫高窟壁畫可溶鹽破壞的兩種外在表現形式。本研究為明確莫高窟頂層洞窟第196窟內部可溶鹽種類及分布狀況，採用離子色譜分析儀、掃描電鏡能譜、X射線衍射分析儀等，對取自第196窟的多個樣品進行檢測分析。結果表明，主室內部以西壁可溶鹽含量最高，南北壁次之，東壁最少，造成壁畫破壞的可溶鹽以NaCl為主，部分區域存在少量Na2SO4。環境相對濕度監測結果顯示，降雨時洞窟內部相對濕度最高可達73%，超過莫高窟環境濕度監測預警值。洞窟內部產生帶狀皰疹的原因是早期修復時混合石灰砂漿不當用水所致。前室北壁底部區域酥松現象主要由可溶鹽Na2SO4溶解結晶破壞所致，而較高區域的酥松以動物筑洞產生的機械破壞為主導。該研究成果對豐富莫高窟可溶鹽種類及分布信息具有重要作用，同時為第196窟壁畫保護修復提供參考。
Salt efflorescence and blistering are two kinds of deterioration in Mogao cave murals caused by soluble salts.This study analyzes the types and distribution of soluble salts in Mogao cave 196 by analyzing samples using ion chromatography(IC), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry(SEM-EDS), and X-ray diffraction(XRD). The results show that there is a high concentration of soluble salt in the west wall, a moderate concentration in the north and south walls, and a low level of salt in the east wall. The majority of the deterioration suffered by murals results from NaCl while a small amount of Na2 SO4 can be detected in some areas as well. The results of humidity monitoring detection show that the relative moisture level inside the cave increases to 73% during the rainy season, which is above the warning value for the environmental humidity of the Mogao caves. The blistering in the caves is caused by improper mixing of water with lime mortar during early restoration work. The phenomena of degeneration visible at the bottom of the north wall in the front chamber was mainly caused by soluble salt Na2 SO4, while the damage in the upper areas was mostly caused by animals or insects digging holes. This research aims to provide a better understanding of the types and distribution of soluble salts in the Mogao caves in order to provide the basis of information necessary for conservation and restoration of the murals in cave 196 |
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| Table of contents | 1 引言 149
2 實驗樣品及測試儀器 149
2.1 實驗樣品 149
2.2 儀器及測試條件 149
3 實驗結果及討論 150
3.1 莫高窟第 196 窟四壁可溶鹽分析 150
（1）可溶鹽總含量分析 150
（2）不同區域可溶鹽離子分析 151
3.2 莫高窟第 196 窟典型皰疹區域可溶鹽
分析 151
（1）皰疹區域離子色譜可溶鹽分析 151
（2）皰疹區域掃描電鏡能譜分析 153
3.3 第 196 窟前室北壁酥鬆區域可溶鹽分析 153
4 結論 154 |
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| ISSN | 10004106 (P) |
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| Hits | 148 |
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| Created date | 2022.02.16 |
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| Modified date | 2022.02.16 |
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