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여인성불에 대한 당위성과 모순점에 대한 일고(一考)=A Study on the Appropriateness and Imprecation of the Women's Buddhahood
Author 신명희 (著)=Sin, Myung-hee (au.)
Source 동아시아불교문화=Journal of Eastern-Asia Buddhism and Culture
Volumev.33 n.0
Date2018.03
Pages285 - 313
Publisher동아시아불교문화학회=The Association of Eastern-Asia Buddhism and Culture
Publisher Url http://www.easternasia.kr/
LocationBusan, Korea [釜山, 韓國]
Content type期刊論文=Journal Article
Language韓文=Korean
Note저자정보: 대한불교조계종 교육아사리






KeywordSrimaladevi Simhanada Sutra; Seon=선; The enlightenment=깨달음; Tathagatagarbha=여래장; Buddha-dhatu; Buddhata of women=여인성불; 『승만경』; 불성
Abstract불교는 성불 지향의 종교이다. 깨달음을 관건으로 하는 불교에 있어 불성과 여래장은 중요 요소이다. 불성과 여래장은 중기대승 불교 경전을 중심으로 발달했지만, 『유마경』이나 『법화경』 등 초기대승 경전으로 연원을 거슬러 올라간다. 불성과 여래장은 누구나 깨달을 수 있는 가능성을 의미하는데, 바로 성불의 근간이 되기 때문이다. 곧 누구에게나 불성·여래장이 내재되어 있으므로 깨달을 수 있다고 하는 사상인데, 여기에 여성이 포함되는 것은 당연한 일이다. 부처님 당시 여성은 비구니만의 계율인 팔경계가 있었지만 성불에 있어서는 긍정적이었다. 그런데 부파불교 시대를 거쳐 대승불교에 이르기까지 여성에게는 성불에 제약이 따랐다. 부파불교 시대 때부터 중기대승 경전에 이르기까지 여인오장설이 등장하며, 초기대승 경전에 여인은 남자몸으로 한번 바뀐 뒤에 성불할 수 있다는 변성성불론 등 불합리한 점이 제시되어 있다. 그런 반면에 대승불교 경전에는 여성성불할 수 있다는 당위성이 행간에 드러나 있다. 그런데 여성성불에 대한 부정적 견해를 완전히 불식시킨 경전이 중기대승 불교시대 편찬된 『승만경』이다. 이 경전에는 여성에 대한 편견이 전혀 없다. 『승만경』은 '승만'이라는 여성 재가자가 부처님으로부터 수기를 받고, 설법하는 것을 내용으로 전개된다.

Buddhism is the religion towards Attaining the Buddhahood. The religious sect which regards the enlightenment as the most important is the Dhyana School, it's hard not to say about Seon except for Buddha-dhatu and Tathagatagarbha, so they are significant factors in its school. Buddha-dhatu and Tathagatagarbha were developed mainly with the sutras of Mahayana Buddhism in the middle period, but we should trace back to the Vimalakirti Sutra or the Lotus Sutra etc of early Mahayana Sutras for its origination. These Buddha-dhatu and Tathagatagarbha means the possibility of whoever is able to gain the enlightenment, because it is the basis of practice. This is the thought that whoever can attain the enlightenment because of the inherent Buddha-dhatu, it is the right thing that women are included in it. However, there were lots of constraints for the women's Buddha-dhatu from the first woman's priest at the time of Buddha to the Mahayana Buddhism through the time of early buddhist schools. That is, there were the eight commandments that only Bhikkhunis should keep at the time when they joined the Buddhist priesthood, the Women's five obstructions was appeared from the time of early buddhist schools to the sutras of the middle of Mahayana Buddhism, the Byeonseongseongbul-ron(變性成佛論) that women could gain the Buddha-dhatu after changing their bodies to man's body in sutras of Mahayana Buddhism etc, there are lots of unreasonable parts for women. Such like this, there are many negative points on women in the collection of Buddhist sutras, but there has no any bias on women in the Srimaladevi Simhanada Sutra which was compiled around the middle of Mahayana Buddhism. The Srimaladevi Simhanada Sutra has the content that a woman Upasika, 'Seungman', received a prediction of enlightenment and then gave a buddhist preach.
Table of contentsI. 들어가면서 286

II. 초기불교에서 본 여인성불의 긍정적인 측면 287

III. 초기대승 경전에서 본 여인성불의 당위성과 모순점 292
IV. 중기대승 경전에서 본 여인성불 299

V. 나가면서 308
ISSN27140938 (P); 27140946 (E)
DOI 10.21718/EABC.2018.33.11
Hits30
Created date2023.07.22
Modified date2023.07.22



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