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<대지도론>에 나타난 대승의 염불과 선 - 청화의 실상염불선과 관련하여=Recitation of the Buddha’s name and Seon Mahāyāna Tradition in the Mahāprajñāpāramitaśāstra
Author 박경준 (著)=Park, Kyoung-joon (au.)
Source 인도철학=印度哲學=Korean Journal of Indian Philosophy
Volumen.42
Date2014
Pages231 - 259
Publisher印度哲學會
Publisher Url http://krindology.com/
LocationKorea [韓國]
Content type期刊論文=Journal Article
Language韓文=Korean
Note저자정보: 동국대학교 불교대학 교수
Keyword청화 선사=Master Chunghwa; 염불선; 실상염불선; 대지도론; 중도실상; 염불삼매; Reciting the Buddha’s Name and Seon Meditation Together; the Truth Reality of Reciting the Buddha’s Name; the Mahāprajñāpāramitaśāstra; the Nature Figures of Middle Ways; the Buddha-Recollection Samadhi
Abstract청화선사가 제시한 실상염불선은 그 사상적 근원을 <대지도론>에 두고 있는 것으로 여겨진다. 본 논문에서 이의 전거로서 고찰한 <대지도론>의 염불사상의 특징은 첫째, 염불이 마음으로 부처님을 생각하고 억념(憶念)한다는 의미로 많이 사용된다. 둘째, 염불의 대상을 시방삼세의 모든 부처님으로 확장하려는 경향이 있다. 셋째, 염불은 염불삼매를 지향하며 탐진치 3독과 죄업장을 소멸하고 중생을 제도함을 목표로 한다. 넷째, 법신불을 염불의 대상에 포함시키고 있으며, 불신(佛身) 및 불공덕(佛功德)의 무자성(無自性) 공(空)을 관하는 것이 참다운 염불이라고 주장한다. 다음으로, <대지도론>의 선사상의 특징은 첫째, 초기불교와 부파불교 시대의 선사상의 체계를 형식적으로는 대부분 수용한다. 하지만 보살의 선바라밀 내용과 부파불교의 선 사이에는 질적인 차이가 있다고 본다. 둘째, 선정의 수행은 한적한 곳에서 행하는 것을 원칙으로 하며 초선을 성취하기 위한 수행법으로 5욕(欲)에 대한 꾸짖음, 5개(蓋)의 제거, 5법(法)의 실천을 제시하고 있다. 셋째, 기존의 선 체계를 대승적 이념에 의해 재구성하고 있다. 넷째, 보살은 선 수행을 통한 선정과 지혜의 힘을 바탕으로 대비심(大悲心)에 의지하여 중생 제도를 위해 정진해야 할 것을 강조한다. 다섯째, 보살은 제법실상(諸法實相)의 진리를 깊이 이해하기에 산란함의 모습도 탐하지 않고 선정의 모습도 탐하지 않는다. 청화 선사의 실상염불선은 중도실상의 진여불성 자리, 이른바 법신 자리를 생각하는 최상승선으로서 <대지도론>의 염불사상 및 선사상을 상당부분 계승하고 있는 것으로 추정된다.

Master Chunghwa (淸華, 1923~2003) recommended combining the practices of reciting the Buddha’s name and Seon Meditation so that they mutually enhance one other. The origin of this practice is derived from the Mahāprajñāpāramitaśāstra, one of the principle texts of Mahāyāna Buddhist Tradition. Thus, the primary aim of this paper is to research the characteristics of reciting the Buddha’s name and Seon as they appear in the Mahāprajñāpāramitaśāstra in an attempt to open new doors to understanding the practices of reciting the Buddha’s name and Seon Meditation. The following are the characteristics of recitation of the Buddha’s name in the Mahāprajñāpāramitaśāstra. First, representations of reciting the Buddha’s name are frequently used to express the idea that practitioners reflect on the life and teachings of the Buddha. Second, the objects of recitation of the Buddha’s name are inclined to extend to all buddhas in ten directions three times. Third, recitation of the Buddha’s name is aimed toward the Buddha-Recollection Samadhi, deletion of the three poisons (greed, anger, and ignorance), and providing salvation to all sentient beings. Finally, the dharmakaya (the true body of the Buddha) is included among the objects addressed through recitation of the Buddha’s name, culminating in the true practice of reciting the Buddha’s name by encompassing the Buddha-Body, the merit of the Buddha, non-self-existent reality, and emptiness. On the other hand, the following are the figures of Seon(Ch. Chan, Ja. Zen) doctrines in the Mahāprajñāpāramitaśāstra. First, the text shows systematized elements intrinsic to Seon thought in Abhidharmic period as well as early Buddhism. There is, however, a difference between Bodhisattva’s means of transcendence in Seon Buddhism and the meditation of Abhidharmic thought. Second, the meditation of Seon should be principally practiced in a silent spot for the first enlightenment by admonishing the five desires, removing the five modes of ignorance, and putting into practice the five dharmas. Third, the text re-systemizes Seon doctrines in terms of Mahāyāna tradition. Fourth, the text emphasizes that bodhisattvas,based on the power of Samadhi and wisdom derived from Seon practice, should have to endlessly cultivate great compassion toward the salvation ofall sentient beings. Finally, bodhisattvas engage neither in scatteringof thought nor in Samadhi status due to their knowledge of the true characteristics of all dharma. Consequently, in the Seon thought of Master Chunghwa, who called for discovery of the true reality through recitation of the Buddha’s name, the supremacy of Seon is that it considers and reveals the nature figures of middle ways, the becoming a buddha of suchness, and the status of dharma-body. Thus, his thought in many aspects proceeds from the doctrine of reciting the Buddha’s name in the Mahāprajñāpāramitaśāstra.
Table of contentsI 머리말. 232
II 『대지도론』의 성립과 의의. 233
III 『대지도론』의 염불사상. 236
IV 『대지도론』의 선사상. 244
V 맺음말. 253
ISSN12263230 (P)
Hits64
Created date2023.10.21
Modified date2023.10.21



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