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The Unifying of Rozogs pa Chen Po and Ch'an=西藏大圓滿教義與中國禪法的融合 |
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| 著者 |
Barber, A. W
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| 掲載誌 |
中華佛學學報=Chung-Hwa Buddhist Journal=Journal of Chinese Buddhist Studies
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| 巻号 | n.3 |
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| 出版年月日 | 1990.04 |
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| ページ | 301 - 318 |
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| 出版者 | 中華佛學研究所=Chung-Hwa Institute of Buddhist Studies |
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| 出版サイト |
http://www.chibs.edu.tw/publication_tw.php?id=12
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| 出版地 | 新北市, 臺灣 [New Taipei City, Taiwan] |
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| 資料の種類 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| 言語 | 中文=Chinese; 英文=English |
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| キーワード | 西藏佛教; 中國禪學; 大圓滿=Dzogpa Chenpo=Mahasanti; 維摩密多; 毘盧遮那 |
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| 抄録 | 對早期西藏佛教史而言，西藏本身的傳統記載距離不偏
不倚的要求仍然很遠，因它們未能正確地描繪出佛教是如
何傳入這地區的歷史. 至於那些緣於政治，社會因素而衍
生出來的講法，其混淆的程度較之上述那些傳統記載，則更
難令人置信了.
中國禪法被介紹進西藏者有三派，它們是：金和上的禪
法，無住禪師的禪法和摩訶衍的禪法. 自後，各種不同的中
國禪法弘化方式在西藏地區廣泛流行. 這可以從西藏最重要
的佛教中心--bSam yas寺的第一位土生藏族住持是位中國
禪法的大師這點看出來.
在同一時代，印度的大圓滿教義亦通過維摩密多與毘盧
遮那二人而傳入西藏. 在教義上，大圓滿跟中國禪法有極多
相似的地方. 維摩密多所弘揚的大圓滿教義在西藏中部非常
流行，而毘盧遮那所宣化的大圓滿教義則流行於中，藏交界
的西藏地區.
Nyingma派的大師Rong Zam是Atisa時代的人. 雖西藏
禪宗曾遭過法難，但在他住世的兩代前，逃過法難的禪
法已漸跟毘盧遮那氏所傳的大圓滿教義融合了.
到了Rong Zam，他本人接受了維摩密多與毘盧遮那兩人
所傳的全部大圓滿教義，且是第一個做到兼通兩家之學的
人. 由於毘盧遮那所傳的教理系統中本來就早已有了中國禪
法的成分. 再通過 Rong Zam 的融匯貫通，這兩派的大圓滿
之學便跟中國禪學融合了.
以上所陳，其訊息是早期的西藏大圓滿文獻和各類史書
所提供. 而西藏編年史之一的「青史」和中國敦煌石室中的
文獻，則提供進一步的資料.
The traditional accounts of the early history of
Tibetan Buddhism are far from unbiased. They do not
portray accurately the history of Buddhism as it
first moved into that country. The political/social
context was far more complex than traditional
accounts would lead one to believe.
Ch'an Buddhism was introduced into Tibet in
three main currents. These are：from Kim Ho-shang's
teachings, from Wu Chu's teachings and from Mo ho
yen's teachings. The various forms of Ch'an gained
wide popularity. So much so that the first Tibetan
born abbot of the most important monistic center,
bSam yas, was a Ch'an master. At the same time the
rDzogs pa Chen po teachings from India were being
introduced by Vimalamitra and Vairocana. Doctrinally
there are considerable similarities between these
two teachings. The teachings of Vimalamitra became
very popular in the central district of Tibet. The
teachings of Vairocana became popular in the areas
of Tibet near the Chinese border.
The rNyingma master Rong Zom lived at the time
of Atisa. Two generations before him the Ch'an
teachings that survived after the suppression of
Ch'an (in Tibet)，were unified with the rDzogs pa
Chen po teachings of Vairocana. Rong Zom received
the entire teachings of both Vimalamitra and
Vairocana. He was the first person to do so. After
the time of these two masters. Because the Ch'an
teachings were already preserved in the system of
Vairocana, with Rong Zom the whole of the rDzogs pa
Chen po and Tibetan Ch'an were united.
This information is well documented in early
rDzogs pa chen po texts and histories. Further
references are to be found in The Blue Annals as well
as material from Tun Huang. |
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| ISSN | 10177132 (P) |
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| ヒット数 | 1386 |
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| 作成日 | 1998.07.22
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| 更新日期 | 2017.06.15 |
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