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元代賢首宗與慈恩宗法脈傳承之探索=An Exploration of the Inheritance of Xian-shou School and Ci'an School dharma-lineage of Yuan Dynasty |
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| 著者 |
李尚軒 (著)=Lee, Shang-hsuan (au.)
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| 掲載誌 |
華嚴學報=Journal of Huayen Buddhism
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| 巻号 | n.12 |
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| 出版年月日 | 2020.03 |
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| ページ | 95 - 148 |
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| 出版者 | 中華民國佛教華嚴學會 |
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| 出版サイト |
https://www.huayenworld.org/
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| 出版地 | 新北市, 臺灣 [New Taipei City, Taiwan] |
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| 資料の種類 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| 言語 | 中文=Chinese |
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| ノート | 作者為大華嚴寺華嚴學術中心研究員 |
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| キーワード | 元代佛教=Yuan Dynasty Buddhism; 賢首宗=Xian-shou School; 清涼宗=Qingliang; 慈恩宗=Ci'en School; 崇教抑禪=Huayan School suppresses Zen Buddhism |
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| 抄録 | 元代佛教，因朝廷政治考量，以藏密為國教，對漢傳佛教採「崇較抑禪」政策，致使教宗擴張、禪宗式微。然因經濟禮遇，亦使僧眾多以管理寺院資產為要，而鮮有義學著作、律宗戒律與禪法修行皆難以興盛開展。華北華嚴宗以洛陽、元大都與上都、五臺山為傳播中心，義學承襲遼、金、西夏遺續，已澄觀傳承為系統，並結合密教、唯識思想，展現華嚴獨特之圓融性；江南華嚴則延續南宋傳統，以法藏思想為主軸，就華嚴教義解釋禪、律、教類典籍，教僧與禪僧亦多有往來。考諸方志可知江南華嚴名剎，南宋紹興以前即已定額或易禪為教，故「崇教抑禪」影響未如現今學界共識顯著。慈恩宗原盛於華北，至世祖時詔令向南傳播，然江南以禪宗為盛，故現今所留載元代慈恩宗法脈傳承者，皆居於華北，且多善華嚴，高瞻遠矚者更對經、律、論三藏皆圓融無礙，未有偏廢。
Due to political consideration, Tantrism in Tibetan Buddhism was adopted as the state religion for Buddhism in Yuan Dynasty and 'Huayan School suppresses Zen Buddhism', which resulted in the expansion of Huayan School and the decline of Zen Buddhism. It also resulted in most of monks focusing on managing the temple and rarely done any work of Righteousness and practicing Ruzong Commandments and Zen Practice became a challenge due to economic denefits. Luoyang, Yuandadu, Shangdu, and Wutaishan were the centrals that spread the thoughts of Northen China Huayan School. The free School adopted the Liao, Jin, Western Xia practices, used Chengguan Heritage as the system, and combined Esoteric teaching, ideological thinking, which showed the unique harmony of Avatamsaka; Jiangnan Huayan School continued the tradition of Southern Song Dynasty, they used the thoughts of Dharmakara as the main focus, they used the teachings of Dharmakara to explain the books about Zen, Lu, and Jiao. Jiao monks and Zen monks also communicated with each other frequently. Examination of the Fangzhi showed that Jiangnan Huayan Famous Temple adopted E or Yichan Teaching as their religion before Shaoxing, the first year of the Southern Song Dynasty (AD 1131), therefore the impact of "Huayan School suppresses Zen Buddhism" was not as obvious as what it is currently. Ci'en School originally came from Northern China, which was a popular School, it was being ordered to spread this thinking to southern part of China during Kublai Khan period, however, Zen Buddhism was still popular in Jiangnan. Therefore, the inheritor of Ci'en school dharma-lineage in Yuan Dynasty live in Northern China, thay are mostly good at Avatamsaka. The ones that have a good grasp of Jing, Lu, Lun, they do not ignore any of the study. |
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| 目次 | 前言 98
壹、元代佛教發展變遷大勢 98
貳、元代賢首宗法脈之傳承 104
一、洛陽、大都與上都之華嚴宗 106
(一)賢首宗第十八世 107
永安寺善柔(1198-1269) 107
龍川行育(？-1293) 108
慧覺(？-1312) 109
寶集寺妙文(1237-1319) 110
崇國寺定演(1237-1309) 112
(二)賢首宗第十九世 113
法洪法師(1272-1345) 113
福元德謙(1267-1317) 114
天禧寺雲巖(1235-1322) 114
二、五臺山華嚴宗 115
(一)賢首宗第十八世 117
清涼山正順(？-1307) 117
真覺文才(1241-1302) 118
(二)賢首宗第十九世 119
大林了性(1198-1321) 119
幻堂寶嚴(1272-1322) 119
佑國寺赤水(？-？) 120
三、江南賢首宗法脈 120
(一)賢首宗第十八世 121
南山文萃(？-？) 121
寂照法師(？-？) 125
(二)賢首宗第十九世 126
獨芳蘭(？-？) 126
春谷時遇(？-？) 128
報恩寺傳教(？-？) 128
蒼山普瑞(？-？) 129
(三)賢首宗第二十世 129
別峰大同(1289-1370) 129
希古浦尚(1290-1362) 131
麗水盤古(1233-1336) 132
古庭善學(1307-1370) 132
南軒處薰(？-？) 134
參、元代慈恩宗法脈之傳承 134
雲峰(？-？) 135
普覺英辯(1247-1314) 136
雲巖志德(1235-1322)與賢首宗天禧寺雲巖同 137
吉祥普喜(1239-1289)附端無念 137
栖巖益(1243-1289) 137
寶峰慧印(1271-1337) 139
結論 141
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| ISSN | 22226685 (P) |
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| ヒット数 | 331 |
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| 作成日 | 2020.06.15 |
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| 更新日期 | 2020.06.16 |
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