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聖嚴法師的人間淨土建設 ── 以三大教育為中心=Master Sheng Yen’s Building a Pure Land on Earth: Focused on “Three Types of Education” |
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| 著者 |
周柔含 (著)=Chou, Jou-han (au.)
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| 掲載誌 |
聖嚴研究：第六輯=Studies of Master Sheng Yen Vol.6
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| 出版年月日 | 2015.06 |
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| ページ | 225 - 277 |
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| 出版者 | 法鼓文化 |
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| 出版サイト |
http://www.ddc.com.tw/
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| 出版地 | 臺北, 臺灣 [Taipei, Taiwan] |
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| シリーズ | 聖嚴思想論叢 |
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| シリーズナンバー | 6 |
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| 資料の種類 | 專題研究論文=Research Paper |
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| 言語 | 中文=Chinese |
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| ノート | 作者單位：慈濟大學宗教與人文研究所副教授＝Associate Professor, Institute of Religion and Humanity, Tzu Chi University
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| キーワード | 聖嚴法師=Master Sheng Yen; 人間佛教=Humanistic Buddhism; 三大教育=three types of education |
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| 抄録 | 「人間佛教」是近代漢傳佛教的重要脈動，始於太虛大師倡揚的「人生佛教」，繼由印順法師提倡「人間佛教」，東初老人倡導「人生佛教」等。時至今日，人間佛教理念已經成為當今臺灣佛教主流。
本文不在思想理論依據的探討，擬從聖嚴法師教育背景到建設法鼓山之歷程，從「三大教育」之倡議與推動，探討法師如何藉由學術的橋梁而完成宗教精神實踐，落實整體關懷，建設人間淨土。
研究結果顯示，聖嚴法師從「教育、道德、宗教」三方面著手，用以「提昇人的品質」；又以大學院教育、大普化教育、大關懷教育等「三大教育」來「建設人間淨土」。
「大學院教育」，落實「學術的研究」，將近代學堂型「講學佛教」提昇為研究型「學術佛教」。「大普化教育」，建立在佛法理論的基礎，以現代多元的文化活動，結合宗教修行，將傳統「寺院佛教」，轉為「生活的佛教」，落實「信仰的實踐」。「大關懷教育」是人間佛教的根本，建立在「大學院、大普化教育」基礎之上，就生命儀禮面向來說，將過往超薦鬼神形象的「經懺佛教」，轉化為以人為本，人生的「正信的佛教」，落實「禮」— 宗教上的祭祀 — 的本質。
總的來說，法師藉由三大「教育」，提昇人品「道德」，完成「宗教」於社會的功能 — 淨化人心，淨化社會，建設人間淨土；提出「以戒為師」、「教育為本」、「心靈環保」的行動指導原則，做為「道德、教育、宗教」的核心價值，落實人品提昇，彰顯人間佛教以人為本之本懷。
“Humanistic Buddhism” has been an important approach in modern Chinese Buddhism. It originated from Master Taixu’s (1888-1947) “Human-life Buddhism,” then Master Yinshun (1906- 2005) propagated “Humanistic Buddhism,” Later, Master Dongchu (1907-1977) also advocated “Human-life Buddhism.” The concept of “Humanistic Buddhism” has been the mainstream of Buddhism in Taiwan.
This article does not seek to discuss the theoretical basis, but try to explore how Master Sheng Yen practiced the spirit of religion through academic approach and fulfilled the holistic caring services as well as dedicated to building a “Pure Land on Earth,” by examining the aspects of Master’s education background, construction of Dharma Drum Mountain and the idea of “Three Types of Education.”
The research shows that Master Sheng Yen uplifted the character of humanity in three aspects of “education, morality and religion” and dedicated to building a “Pure Land on Earth” through “Three Types of Education,” which are Education through Academics, Education through Public Outreach, and Education through Caring Services.
“Education through Academics” implements academic research.
It improves the modern lecture-based “teaching Buddhism” to research-oriented “academic Buddhism.” “Education through Public Outreach” aims to practice religious belief. Built on basic Buddhism doctrines it transforms traditional “temple Buddhism” into “living Buddhism” through combining religious practices with modern pluralistic culture activities. “Education through Caring Services,” grounded on the above mentioned “Education through Academics and through Public Outreach,” is the radical part of Humanistic Buddhism. In the respect of funeral and memorial service, it reforms the traditional Buddhist funeral practice that is dominated by salvaging the ghosts and elevating the deceased to better realm through chanting and repentance, to a people- foremost “correct faith Buddhism” and emphasizes the courtesy and gratefulness in life which are the nature of religious rites.
In summary, through “Three Types of Education” Master Sheng Yen uplifted the character of humanity and achieved the social function of religion: to purify people’s mind, purify the society and build a “Pure Land on Earth.” Moreover, under the three practice guidelines of “following the precepts, focusing on education and protecting the spiritual environment,” which embody the core values of “education, morality and religion” respectively, Master Sheng Yen enhanced the moral quality of humanity and highlighted the people-oriented tenet of Humanistic Buddhism. |
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| 目次 | 一、前言 227
二、教育背景 230
(一) 留日因緣 232
(二) 師友的期望 233
三、續勢待緣 237
(一) 旅美弘化 237
(二) 華崗經驗 239
(三) 護法會 241
四、三大教育 245
(一) 大學院教育 246
(二) 大普化教育 248
(三) 大關懷教育 250
五、人間淨土之建設 253
(一) 以戒為師 255
(二) 教育為本 257
(三) 心靈環保 262
六、結論 266
參考文獻 271
英文摘要 276 |
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| ヒット数 | 234 |
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| 作成日 | 2021.08.03 |
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| 更新日期 | 2021.08.03 |
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