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A Comparative Reading Into The Early Buddhist And Lockean Theories Of Knowledge |
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| 著者 |
Wadinagala Pannaloka
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| 掲載誌 |
Sri Lanka International Journal of Buddhist Studies (SIJBS)
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| 巻号 | v.6 |
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| 出版年月日 | 2020 |
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| ページ | 70 - 81 |
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| 出版者 | SIBA – DCI Research Centre |
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| 出版地 | Sri Lanka [斯里蘭卡] |
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| 資料の種類 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| 言語 | 英文=English |
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| キーワード | Early Buddhism; sense-experience; innate ideas; innate tendencies; extra-sensory perception (abhiññā); dukkha; John Locke; sensation; reflection |
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| 抄録 | The studies produced related to the epistemological foundation of early Buddhism whose literature is extant in the Pali Language, have reached the conclusion that Buddhism is similar to empiricism. For example, K. N. Jayatilleke in his Early Buddhist Theory of Knowledge (London: Allen and Unwin Ltd., 1963, p.463) and D. J. Kalupahana in his work, Buddhist Philosophy (University Press of Hawaii, 1976, p.22f) have stated that early Buddhism is a form of empiricism. It is an academically interesting task to examine this suggestion from a comparative perspective when we consider one of the initiatives of an empiricist in the western history of philosophy, John Locke (1632-1704) in comparison with the early Buddhist theory of knowledge. Both Lockean and Early Buddhist traditions deny ‘innate ideas’ and accept the inevitability of sense-experience as the initial step in the process of forming knowledge. However, early Buddhism sees ‘innate tendencies’ as a critical aspect of the human psyche and does not claim sense-experience as an infallible source of knowledge. Early Buddhism oriented toward gaining liberation from suffering, recognizes extra-sensory perception and higher forms of knowledge gained through meditational practice, as means to realize the truth of reality. In this paper, I am going to discuss the similarities and dissimilarities we can find in the Lockean theory of knowledge in comparison with the early Buddhist theory of knowledge. In conclusion, I will point out that though early Buddhism shows certain characteristics similar to Lockean empiricism, it differs greatly in its account as to the aspects such as sources of knowledge, purpose of bringing forth epistemological views and variety of levels of knowledge. Finally, it will be pointed out that the Lockean theory of knowledge is aimed at settling secular issues and takes a more philosophical approach whereas early Buddhism is aimed at attaining liberating knowledge from the cyclic suffering (saṃsāra dukkha) and takes a psychological approach in its theory of knowledge. |
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| 目次 | Introduction 71
Backgrounds of Buddhism and Locke 71
Purpose of Locke vs. Early Buddhism 72
Locke's Empirical Thesis 72
Sense Experience in Early Buddhism 72
Extra-sensory Perception in Early Buddhism 74
Ideas as Content of Knowledge 75
Contents of Super Cognition 76
Substance 77
Conclusion 77 |
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| ISSN | 27736814 (P); 20128878 (E) |
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| ヒット数 | 166 |
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| 作成日 | 2022.04.01 |
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| 更新日期 | 2022.04.01 |
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