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敦煌本《太公家教》的傳播及其對中國俗文化的展現=On the Spread of Master Keung's Teachings and the Chinese Folk Cultures Contained within the Text |
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| 著者 |
朱鳳玉 (著)=Zhu Fengyu (au.)
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| 掲載誌 |
敦煌研究=Dunhuang Research
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| 巻号 | n.6 (總號=n.190) |
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| 出版年月日 | 2021 |
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| ページ | 79 - 92 |
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| 出版者 | 敦煌研究編輯部 |
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| 出版サイト |
http://www.dha.ac.cn/
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| 出版地 | 蘭州, 中國 [Lanzhou, China] |
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| 資料の種類 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| 言語 | 中文=Chinese |
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| ノート | 作者單位：嘉義大學中國文學系 |
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| キーワード | 太公家教=Taigong Jiajiao; 蒙書=textbooks; 格言諺語=proverbs and sayings; 長沙窯=Changsha porcelain; 俗文化=folk literature |
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| 抄録 | 《太公家教》是敦煌文獻中寫本最多的家教類蒙書,一直以來深受關注,論著篇章多達數十種。其內容為梳理經典要義并改寫成瑯瑯上口的韻語短句,同時集錄當時社會流行的足以發人深省的諺語,展現雅俗融合的"格言諺語體"特色。因其易于接受、便于口傳、利于記憶因而廣泛流傳,影響久遠。本文特從《父母恩重經講經文》《文詞教林》《新集文詞九經抄》等變文、蒙書的援引以及在《太公家教》基礎上改寫創作的通俗訓誡詩一卷本《王梵志詩》入手,考見其在敦煌社會的接受與影響。又從吐魯番文書及吐蕃文《太公家教》寫本殘卷、唐代長沙窯瓷器遺存所見的字句題詞及典籍記述等,亦可考知其在敦煌以外的流傳與影響的情況;說明此蒙書具有傳承性、變異性與集體性的特色,彰顯出傳統蒙書的社會價值及其對中國俗文化的意義,也開闊童蒙文化研究的另一視野。
Taigong Jiajiao （Master Keung’s Teachings） is a fascinating textbook on family education, and has the distinction
of being the text with the greatest number of copies among Dunhuang manuscripts. The book attracted immediate attention upon
its discovery and publication, and is already the subject of several academic articles. The contents of the text are primarily pithy,
memorable verses written to express the main ideas of classical Chinese texts and a collection of the various proverbs popular in
society at the time the book was written. The exceptional longevity and scale of propagation this text achieved can be attributed
to an elegant but down to earth style of writing that made the proverbs easy to understand, remember, and orally transmit. This
paper presents a special study on the widespread acceptance and influence of Taigong Jiajiao on Dunhuang society by examining
quotations and commentary in Tang dynasty textbooks and bianwen （a popular form of spoken literature from the Tang dynasty
that propagated Buddhist sutras and historical and folk stories） such as Fumu Enzhong Jing Jiangjingwen （Sutra Preaching Texts
on the Kindness of Parents）, Wenci Jiaolin （Educational Literary Reader）, and Xinji Wenci Jiujing （New Collection of Nine Lit-
erary Classics）. Further research material is provided by Wangfanzhi Shi （Wang Fanzhi’s Poems）, a popular volume of moralistic poetry written on the basis of Taigong Jiajiao. This paper also discusses the spread and influence of the text beyond the Dunhuang region based on analysis of Turfan documents, fragmental manuscripts of Taigong Jiajiao written in ancient Tibetan, the
words and sentences preserved on Tang dynasty porcelain made in Changsha, and other historical documents. The conclusion of this
research is that the value of these textbooks can be thought of in terms of variability, collectivity, and inheritance: the proverbs and
sayings they contain address a wide range of topics that comprehensively represent the life style of the time and are easily passed
from generation to generation. Analysis of such texts not only highlights the social value of traditional textbooks and their place in
Chinese folk culture, but also broadens the field of view taken by researchers interested in the culture of childhood education. |
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| 目次 | 一研究旨趣
二敦煌寫本的《太公家教》
三《太公家教》在敦煌地區的接受與影響
（一）《太公家教》被敦煌社會接受的情形
1. P.2612《文詞教林》卷上
2. P.2557《新集文詞九經抄》
3. P.2598《新集文詞九經抄》
4.P.3368
5.P.3990
6.P.3615
7.P.3169
（二）《太公家教》與一卷本《王梵志詩》
1.《太公家教》云：
2.《太公家教》云：
3.《太公家教》云：
4.《太公家教》云：
5.《太公家教》云：
6.《太公家教》云：
7.《太公家教》云：
四《太公家教》在敦煌以外的流傳與影響
五宋元明以來《太公家教》的傳播與影響
（一）《繼善篇》第一
（二）《孝行篇》第四
（三）《正己篇》第五
5. 太公曰：
6. 太公曰：
7. 太公曰：
8. 太公曰：
9. 太公曰：修身莫若敬，避強莫若慎。
1 0. 太公曰：
1 1. 太公曰：
1 2. 太公曰：貧而惟懶，富而惟力。
1 3. 太公曰：
1 4. 太公曰：
1 5. 太公曰：
（四）《勤學篇》第九
（五）《訓子篇》第十
（六）《省心篇》第十一
（七）《治家篇》第十四
（八）《安義篇》第十五
（九）《尊禮篇》第十六
（十）《交友篇》第十九
（十一）《婦行篇》第二十
六《太公家教》對中國俗文化的展現 |
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| ISSN | 10004106 (P) |
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| DOI | 10.13584/j.cnki.issn1000-4106.2021.06.007 |
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| ヒット数 | 85 |
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| 作成日 | 2023.03.20 |
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| 更新日期 | 2023.03.20 |
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