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以佛法的視角探討斷食與善終=Exploring Fasting and a Good Death from the Perspective of Buddhism |
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| 著者 |
釋照量 (著)=Shih, Zhao-liang (au.)
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| 掲載誌 |
法印學報=Journal of Dharma Seals
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| 巻号 | n.14 |
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| 出版年月日 | 2023.12 |
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| ページ | 33 - 53 |
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| 出版者 | 財團法人弘誓文教基金會 |
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| 出版サイト |
https://www.hongshi.org.tw/
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| 出版地 | 桃園縣, 臺灣 [Taoyuean hsien, Taiwan] |
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| 資料の種類 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| 言語 | 中文=Chinese |
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| キーワード | 佛法=Dharma; 斷食=fasting; 善終=good death; 自主停止飲食=Voluntary Stopping Eating and Drinking; 停止飲食或進水=Stopping Eating or Drinking |
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| 抄録 | 近來在台灣有醫師積極的推動斷食善終，推動者認為自己是不忍眾生苦，因此協助一些病患在家中自主停止飲食，加速病人的死亡，以終止病患無法忍受的身心的苦痛。斷食善終較有爭議的案例是部分能由口進食，但不會要食物的失智老人，被刻意有計劃逐漸減少餵食，到完全不給食物，製造出一個末期身體，然後請安寧團隊介入的斷食善終，在醫院已有家屬被這風氣影響，想這麼做。然而這樣做法與安寧療護強調不縮短病患的存活期以舒適照顧為原則的照顧理念有所衝突，因此造成安寧緩醫療團隊不少困惱。該醫師積極的推廣斷食善終，也衍生了不少倫理爭議。本文以佛法的觀點分別探討斷食與善終，以及兩者的關聯，進而探討以佛法的觀點在疾病晚期、末期是否適宜推廣斷食善終。佛法的看待一作為是否為善，強調初善、中善、後善，對善終的看法亦是如此，是以善終與否並非只著眼在臨終過程是否舒適，所在乎的是身壞命終是否能生善處，然而能否生善處主要是建基在這期生命是否精進修行，以及臨終時的心境品質。因此斷食不必然會善終，要善終不必然需斷食。末期斷食與否應取決於身體狀況與病人的自主決定，不可以粗暴的幫病人或家人決定斷食與否。推廣斷食致死可以得到善終，這在佛法中稱爲歎死、譽死，稱讚死亡是美好的，藉由提早死亡來躲避世間的苦，佛陀的教法不會支持這樣的行爲。
Recently, there have been doctors in Taiwan who are actively promoting fasting for a better death. The promoters believe that they cannot bear the suffering of all beings, so they help some patients stop eating at home, speeding up the death of patients, and ending the unbearable physical and mental pain of patients. The more controversial case of not giving patients food is that some demented elderly people who can eat by mouth, but do not want food, are deliberately and planned to gradually reduce their feeding to make their bodies exhausted, and then ask the palliative team to take care of them. However, this approach conflicts with the concept of palliative care, which emphasizes the principle of comfortable care without shortening the patient's survival. The active promotion of fasting and a good death has also sparked many ethical controversies. This article discusses fasting and a good death from the perspective of Buddhism, as well as the relationship between the two, and then discusses whether it is appropriate to promote fasting and a good death from the perspective of Buddhism in the advanced and final stages of illness. Fasting does not necessarily lead to a good death, and a good death does not necessarily require fasting. Whether to fast at the end of the period should depend on the physical condition and the patient's own decision, and family members cannot decide whether to fast or not. Promoting fasting to death can lead to a good death. This is called lamenting death and honoring death in Buddhism. Praising death is good. Avoiding suffering in the world by dying early is not supported by the Buddha's teachings. |
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| 目次 | 一、前言 37
二、佛法對善終的看法 41
（一）佛教的生死觀 41
（二）佛教觀點的善終 42
三、佛法對斷食與善終的看法 45
（一）佛教對食的看法 45
（二）佛教對斷食的看法 47
（三）斷食善終不該推廣的理由 48
四、結論 51
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| ISSN | 22241299 (P) |
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| ヒット数 | 17 |
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| 作成日 | 2024.02.05 |
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| 更新日期 | 2024.02.05 |
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