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古代印度與儒家的神聖秩序觀 -- 以彌勒思想的救世觀之轉變為例=Maitreya: From World-Renouncer to World-Conqueror. An Investigation on the Conception of Sacred Order in Ancient India and Confucian China |
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| 著者 |
黃柏棋 (著)=Huang, Po-chi (au.)
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| 掲載誌 |
世界宗教學刊=Journal of World Religions
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| 巻号 | n.5 |
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| 出版年月日 | 2005.06.01 |
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| ページ | 57 - 58,1 - 51 |
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| 出版者 | 南華大學宗教學研究所 |
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| 出版サイト |
https://rel3.nhu.edu.tw/
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| 出版地 | 嘉義縣, 臺灣 [Chia-i hsien, Taiwan] |
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| 資料の種類 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| 言語 | 英文=English |
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| ノート | 作者為國立政治大學宗教研究所助理教授 |
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| キーワード | Mitrāvaru?au; Maitreya; kingship; Cakkavattin; revolution; 彌多羅婆樓那; 彌勒; 王權; 轉輪王; 革命 |
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| 抄録 | 篇文章以彌勒在中國的思想意義為例，探討了早期印度跟中國儒家思想在有關神聖秩序安排之展現風貌。透過比較參照，考察彌勒下生思想在印度和中國所表現出的一些細微差別之處及其意涵。
作者從早期印度思想談起。先以彌多羅婆樓那(Mitrāvaru au)這個相違複合辭(dva dva)在梨俱吠陀和梵書時代的不同意涵為例，探究了神聖秩序在吠陀時期的演變情形。接著討論了在阿含中佛教思想對於宗教秩序與政治秩序之安排，而歸結出不同印度思想傳統在這上面之一些共同表徵。
轉到中國方面，作者以孟子為例，探究儒家革命思想裡面有關神聖秩序之相關論點，指出對政治秩序優先性之深信不疑乃為儒家思想重要特色之一。
作者最後以元末「彌勒出世」之社會思潮為本，論述了未來佛思想如何在中國變為積極介入之救世觀，因而使得彌勒成了君臨天下者之儒家關聯。文中指出彌勒跟儒家革命思想相結合一事，乃是印度思想來到中國與其既有文化長期互動、而最後在其所突顯之關懷脈絡中轉化之具體表現。
This essay explores the conception of sacred order in ancient India andConfucian China. Using early Indian religious history and Confucianismas points of reference, it scrutinizes the difference between ancient Indiaand China in terms of the primacy of human order. Maitreya in China isprovided as a case study to illustrate how Chinese culture transformed original Indian religious message into a political persuasion.
On the Indian side, the expression Mitrāvaru au in g Veda and Brāhma as is employed to explicate the evolution on the conception of
sacred order in the Vedic period. The relationship between religious order and political order as described in the Nikāya texts is then discussed. It is concluded that religious order is regarded as sacred within early Indian intellectual context.
On the Chinese side, Confucian ideal of sage-king and revolution depicted in the Mencius is taken up to elucidate the Confucian idea of sacred order. In contrast with India, the primacy of the political order is clearly a Confucian concern.
In the last part of this essay, the cult of the “descent of Maitreya Buddha” in later Yüan period is used to expound how the idea of future Buddha was connected with revolutionary aspirations in China. In the end, Maitreya was dramatically altered from a world-renouncer in India to a world-conqueror in China.
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| 目次 | I. Introduction
II. Conception of sacred order as depicted from the relationship between Mitra and Varu a in RV
III. The alteration of meaning of Mitrāvaru au in the Brāhma as and its implications.
IV. Early Buddhist ideal of sacred order: dhamma and cakkavattin
V. Confucian idea of sacred order as seen from the Mencius
VI. Maitreya in China
VII. Conclusion |
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| ISSN | 1728645X (P) |
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| ヒット数 | 726 |
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| 作成日 | 2009.10.12 |
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| 更新日期 | 2022.01.10 |
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