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| 著者 |
黃偉雄
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| 掲載誌 |
國際佛學研究=The Annual of International Buddhistic Studies
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| 巻号 | n.2 |
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| 出版年月日 | 1992.12 |
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| ページ | 9 - 27 |
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| 出版者 | 靈鷲山般若文教基金會國際佛學研究中心 |
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| 出版地 | 臺北市, 臺灣 [Taipei shih, Taiwan] |
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| 資料の種類 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| 言語 | 中文=Chinese |
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| キーワード | 禪宗=Zen Buddhism=Zazen Buddhism; 菩提達磨; 楞伽經; 禪定=Concentration=Dhyana |
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| 抄録 | 本文是以下列前題為討論起點，作者認為：要探討菩提達摩在中國禪宗史上的地位，我們討論達摩作為中國禪宗初祖，須滿足下列三個條件之一：
第一、達摩是第一個把禪法傳到中國的人; 或，
第二、中國禪宗的禪法是達摩獨創的禪法，有別印度禪，為中國禪宗一脈相承;
第三、在中國禪宗系譜的傳承上，他確是第一個開宗立派的祖師，且被禪宗歷代各支派的宗師所共同承認。
在這個前提下，我們作進一步的討論。就禪定的理論和修持法的傳入中國，早在菩提達摩到中國前，即有不少的譯經流通。菩提達摩與「楞伽宗」的傳承，我們或可從思想的核心，來考察其間的關係。對達摩的禪法精髓，作深一步的研究後，我們發現其大乘安心法門和求那跋陀的安心法門，在精神上是可互相融通闡發的。由此義理上的分析探究，我們就有更為合理的理由，相信淨覺《楞伽師資記》上所說，「魏朝三藏法師菩提達摩，承求那跋陀羅三藏後」的說法。
神會於《菩提達摩南宗定是非論》中，提出一個不同的師承系譜，強調惠能得到達摩真傳，與東山弘忍所傳各派一致，是無庸置疑的。弘忍派所傳，日後因曹溪惠能派的禪法，在中國禪宗史上取得執牛耳的地位，和絕大的影響力，經《六祖壇經》的廣為流傳，使後世各家禪宗燈史，皆據以為增刪的藍本，使達摩在中國禪宗史上，取得了不可動搖的地位。
作者認為第一、二個條件都不能成立，只有第三個條件，經適當修改成：「在中國禪宗的系譜傳承上，菩提達摩是被禪宗歷代各支派宗師共同承認的，第一個開宗立派的祖師，雖他不一定真的是第一個開宗立派的祖師」。
The article begins with the discussion of the following premises, which is necessary for us to affirm Bodhidharma's historical status in Chinese ch'an (zen)-It is said that Bodhidharma was the first patriarch of ch'an (Zen) school. The author considered this affirmation must be satisfied with at least one of the following three premises:
(1) Bodhidharma was the first person who introduced the dhyana into China; or
(2) The dhyana of Chinese ch'an which persisted all along as a tradition, was created by Bodhidharma, and was quite different from the Indian tradition of dhyana; or
(3) It is said the tradition of Chinese ch'an was initiated by Bodhidharma, so that he was hold as the first patriarch by the ch'an masters at every stages, There had been many translations of theory and practice about dhyana prevailing in China before Bodhidharma came to China.
Undoubtedly, Shen-hui raised a quite different tradition of ch'an in Shen-Hui Ho-shang I-Chi and emphasized that it was Hui-neng, who obtained the robe from Bodhidharma and his dhyana, was persistent with those faction of Hung-jen (the fifth patriarch). By the prevailing of The Platform Scripture, Bodhidharma was affirmed gradually as the most important patriarch in the tradition of Chinese ch'an. With the result that the first two premises lose efficacy, I conclude that the third premise may be acceptable as modified adequatly as："Although it seems that the tradition of Chinese ch'an was not initiated by Bodhidharma, but he was still hold as the first patriarch by those ch'an masters at every stages." |
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| ヒット数 | 611 |
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| 作成日 | 1998.07.22
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| 更新日期 | 2023.11.14 |
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