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三階教和佛教末法觀（II）=Three Stages Cult and Buddhist Eschatology (II) |
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| 著者 |
周伯戡 (著)=Chou, Po-kan (au.)
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| 出版年月日 | 1999.12 |
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| ページ | 7 |
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| 出版者 | 行政院國家科學委員會 |
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| 出版地 | 臺北市, 臺灣 [Taipei shih, Taiwan] |
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| 資料の種類 | 其他=Others |
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| 言語 | 中文=Chinese |
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| ノート | 國科會專題計畫成果報告，民國87年08月 ~ 民國88年07月，計畫編號：NSC88-2411-H002-012 |
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| キーワード | 佛教=Buddhism; 三階教=Three stages cult; 末世學=Eschatology; 末法=Mofa; 民間佛教=Folk Buddhism; 大乘佛教 =Mahayana |
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| 抄録 | 此篇研究主要處理何以三階教在中國中世紀時遭到壓迫最後在歷史中消失。論文從三個方面探討三階教和其他中國佛教宗派的不同:僧團組織、教理、和佛典的引用與解釋。然而佛教教派的衝突無時無刻在發生,這不能充分解釋三階教不幸的命運。研究中發現,壓制三階教的君主---隋文帝、武則天、唐玄宗---都是崇佛的,他們敵視三階教乃因為三階教對當時末法的解釋。中世紀的律宗僧侶充任官方的僧官,他們擁有審判佛教僧侶和編纂經錄的權力。皇帝透過律宗和僧官系統打壓三階教,在會昌法難後,三階教更一蹶不振。傳統中國帝國政治的干預才是決定佛教正確性主要的力量。
The research project is concerned with why the Three Stages Sect was suppressed to be "heresy" and eventually disappeared in Medieval Chinese Buddhism. I point out distinctive characteristics of the Sect that differed from the other Chinese Buddhist sects in three aspects: the structure of the Sangha, the perception of Buddhist eschatology and soteriology, and the hermeneutic strategy of the scriptural citation. The Sect was welcome by commoners, especially female, with its notion of "world-denying love", but its anti-intellectual inclination was resented by scholastic Buddhist sects. After all, the antagonism from the other Buddhist sects is not sufficient to explain the unfortunate destiny of the Sect, because the conflicts among Buddhist sects in the explanation of Buddhist doctrines and precepts occur from time to time. The major factor that leads the suppression of the Sect is that its eschatological view of the present world as the hell offended emperors who regarded themselves to be Wheel-turning kings in the attempt that worked out their territory to be Buddha Land. Through the imperial Bureau of Buddhist Affairs that inspected monks' behavior and writing and preaching, emperors suppressed the Sect. In the Catalogues whose compilation was charged by bureaucrat-monks, the works of the Sect was relegated to be heresy. The suppression of the Sect is an example that the imperial approval is the final standard to decide if a Buddhist sect is "orthodoxy" or "heretical" in Chinese Buddhism. Moreover, though the Sect fell apart after the mid-ninth century, the components of the Sect were circulated in Chinese popular Buddhism. The rise and the fall of the Sect typically represent the autonomous Buddhist development in Chinese population and its tension to the imperial proved Buddhist faith. |
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| 目次 | 一、結論 2
（一）三階教僧團組織 2
（二）三階教思想 2
（三）經典的使用上 3
二、研究的困難 4
三、未來進一步的研究 5 |
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| ヒット数 | 699 |
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| 作成日 | 2000.12.08
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| 更新日期 | 2020.11.16 |
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