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試論吐蕃占領敦煌后期的鼠年變革 - 敦煌「永壽寺文書」研究=On the Reform at Dunhuang in the Year of the Rat During the Late Tibetan Occupation - A Study on Dunhuang Documents about the Yongshou Temple |
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| 著者 |
陳國燦 (著)=Cheng, Guo-tsan (au.)
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| 掲載誌 |
敦煌研究=Dunhuang Research
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| 巻号 | n.3 (總號=n.163) |
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| 出版年月日 | 2017 |
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| ページ | 1 - 7 |
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| 出版者 | 敦煌研究編輯部 |
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| 出版サイト |
http://www.dha.ac.cn/
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| 出版地 | 蘭州, 中國 [Lanzhou, China] |
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| 資料の種類 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| 言語 | 中文=Chinese |
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| ノート | 作者單位：武漢大學歷史學院教授 |
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| キーワード | 吐蕃占領敦煌=Tibetan occupation of Dunhuang; 永壽寺=Yongshou Temple; 藏文契約文書=Tibetan manuscripts |
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| 抄録 | 吐蕃占領敦煌后進行過多次制度性的改變和調整:公元790年政治上廢鄉里、建部落制,經濟上建突田、突課制是第一次變革;820年建沙州漢人二軍部落體制,是第二次變革;而832年(鼠年)推行的第三次變革,則人所未知。本文通過敦煌永壽寺系列文書,鉤沉出此年吐蕃統治當局曾下令民間契約一律用吐蕃文書寫的命令,同時下令收回佛教信眾供養給佛寺的所有農田草地林苑,重新分配給百姓為口分地,這是其統治晚期鼠年的又一次變革。此次變革的社會效果有限,其產生的社會民族矛盾激化,導致了吐蕃在敦煌統治的覆滅。
The Tibetans carried out several systematic reforms and adjustments after they occupied Dunhuang. In the first reform of 790 CE, the political system of townships and villages was abolished and replaced by a tribal system, while economically, the tu(a unit of area equal to ten mu) land and tax system was implemented.In the second reform of 820 CE, a two-army system consisting of Han peoples was founded in Shazhou and wasfollowed twelve years later by a third reform in 832 CE(the year of rat), about which nothing was formerly known by researchers. By studying a series of documents from the Yongshou Temple at Dunhuang, this paper attempts to outline this final reform of the late Tibetan occupation, in which the Tibetan rulers ordered that all civil contracts should be written in Tibetan languages; that all the farm land and trees donated by Buddhist followers to temples should be taken back; and that all the land should be reallocated among the common people.The social effect of this reform was limited, but the social and ethnic conflicts cause by the reform directly lead to the end of Tibetan reign at Dunhuang |
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| 目次 | 一 P.t.2197 呈現出的契約書寫吐蕃化變革 2
二 S.2228 反映出鼠年收回寺院供養地和草場的變革 4
三 鼠年變革的效應 6 |
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| ISSN | 10004106 (P) |
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| ヒット数 | 81 |
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| 作成日 | 2020.10.16 |
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| 更新日期 | 2020.10.16 |
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