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佛教飲食儀式運用於「飲食教育」之初探－以禪宗《入眾日用》為例=A Study on the Application of Diet Education from Buddhist Diet Ceremony: Take RuZhongRiYong (the Guidelines for Daily Life in Chan Monastery) as an Example |
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| 著者 |
釋惠敏 (著)=Bhikshu, Hui-min (au.)
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| 掲載誌 |
新世紀宗教研究=New Century Religious Studies
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| 巻号 | v.16 n.2 |
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| 出版年月日 | 2017.12.25 |
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| ページ | 45 - 77 |
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| 出版者 | 世界宗教博物館發展基金會附設出版社 |
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| 出版サイト |
https://www.mwr.org.tw/
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| 出版地 | 臺北縣, 臺灣 [Taipei hsien, Taiwan] |
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| 資料の種類 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| 言語 | 中文=Chinese |
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| キーワード | 佛教飲食儀式=Buddhist Diet Ceremony; 飲食教育=Diet Education; 《入眾日用》=RuZhongRiYong (the Guidlines for Daily Life in Chan Monastery); 缽盂供養=Offerings for Liberation; 二時臨齋儀=ErShiLinZaiYi (Ceremonies for Morning and Midday Meal) |
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| 抄録 | 本論文發現現代韓國佛教禪宗「缽盂供養」儀式的紀錄片內容與南宋宗壽之《入眾日用》很相近，因此再將其與華人地區漢傳佛教的「飲食供養」儀式，相互比對考證，有如下兩點結論：1. 現代韓國禪宗「缽盂供養」內容（B1~2, B4~8）是以南宋《入眾日用》飲食儀式（A1~7）為主體，但是[B3]「誦10佛名」可能與明末「二時臨齋儀」之「念供養」同源。2. 現代華人佛教界所用的「二時臨齋儀」可能是以明末雲棲袾宏《雲棲法彙》（1624）「二時臨齋儀」為主體，再加上明朝性祗《毗尼日用錄》（1633）以及清朝讀體（1601-1679）《毗尼日用切要》之「結齋先念準提呪後，偈云」的儀式。依此考察，本文遂提出佛教飲食儀式有助於「飲食教育」的心態與習慣，有以下四方面：（一）缽器隨身：於食知量、食器自備自洗，（二）食前供養：等施分享、禪悅法喜，（三）食時五觀：感恩來處、敬業不貪、報答眾生，（四）食畢祝願：施者安樂、所作皆辦。將此與日本推行的「飲食教育計畫十五項指標」對照，我們發現食育基本法，可從各級行政機關、個人、家庭、學校乃至相關行業之廣泛面向實施；而佛教的「飲食供養」儀式等內容，則可以進一步提供「飲食教育」心態與習慣之深度及細緻處，以作為全面性飲食教育發展的重要參考。同時，佛教禪宗之「農禪並重」的制度也有助於推行「食農教育」，如此或更可裨益於「愛地球、愛和平」議題的了解與運用。
This paper finds that the content of the documentary film of ＂The Food of the Buddha: Part 2 Offerings for Liberation＂ in modern Korean Zen Buddhism is similar to that of RuZhongRiYong in the Southern Song Dynasty. Therefore, it is compared with the diet ceremony of modern Chinese Buddhism; two conclusions are found as follows: 1. The content of modern Korean Zen ＂Offerings for Liberation＂ is mainly based on RuZhongRiYong, but ＂Reciting 10 Different Names of the Buddha＂ may be homologous with ＂ErShiLinZaiYi＂ (Ceremonies for Morning and Midday Meal) in the Ming Dynasty. 2. Modern Chinese Buddhists use the RuZhongRiYong, possibly based on YunChiFaHui (1624), as the main body, added with PiNiRiYongLu (1633), etc., to conclude the ceremony with the Cundī Mantra, etc. Based on this investigation, this paper also proposed the Buddhist diet ceremony contributes to the mentality and habits of diet education, in the following four aspects: (1) to use bowl to measure the amount of food properly, and to clean the bowl by oneself; (2) to offer before meal, to share with others equally, and to feel the joy of Zen and dharma; (3) five contemplations: to be thankful, to be dedicated and not greedy, and to repay living beings; and (4) to conclude with granting others' wish to accomplish the goal. In contrast with Japan's 15 Indicators of Diet Education Program, it can be used to improve the wide range of administrative bodies, individuals, families, schools and even related industries at all levels. However, the Buddhist diet ceremony can provide diet education with deep and detailed development. At the same time, the system of ＂valuing both agriculture and Chan＂ also helps to promote ＂food and farming education＂, which may be more beneficial to the understanding and application of the topic of ＂Love the Earth, love peace＂. |
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| 目次 | 壹、前言：飲食教育 47
貳、《入眾日用》與現代韓國、華人佛教之飲食儀式比對 50
一、內容比對 51
A1.【取鉢偈：佛生迦毗羅】 51
A2.【展鉢偈：願共一切眾】 52
A3.【捧鉢受食偈：禪悅、法喜】 54
A4.【五觀想】 55
A5.【出生偈：汝等鬼神眾】 56
A6.【折水偈：我此洗鉢水】 59
A7.【收鉢：飯食訖已色力充】 59
二、對照簡表 62
參、日本「食育基本法」簡介 65
一、前言 65
二、目的與基本理念（第1〜8條） 66
三、各單位與國民之責任（第9〜13條） 67
四、法制措施與年度報告（第14〜15條） 67
五、飲食教育計畫十五項指標 68
肆、佛教飲食儀式有助於「飲食教育」的心態與習慣 68
（一）缽器隨身（A1〜3; B1, 2, 4）：於食知量、食器自備自洗（A6; B7） 69
（二）食前供養：等施（A2; B3; C1）分享（A5, 6; B6, 7）、禪悅法喜（A3; B4; C2） 70
（三）食時五觀（A4; B5; C3）：感恩來處、敬業不貪、報答眾生 71
（四）食畢祝願（A7; B8; C4）：施者安樂、所作皆辦 72
伍、結語：全面性之飲食教育、食農教育與農禪並重 74
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| ISSN | 16843738 (P) |
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| DOI | 10.3966/168437382017121602002 |
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| ヒット数 | 200 |
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| 作成日 | 2022.04.08 |
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| 更新日期 | 2022.04.15 |
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