"...the Thus Come One named Banner King with
Indra's Emblem, the Thus Come One named
Superior Fragrance, the Thus Come One named
Fragrant Light..."

     The direction above, last of the six dir-
ections listed in the text, continues to be
described and representative Buddha's names
introduced.  There are three tathagatah "Thus
Come Ones" names in this lesson.  nama in each
case means "by name," hence "named."  Each name
is a compound word, in the masculine singular
nominative, as is tathagata.  In this lesson,
every time the nominative singular masculine
ending appears as -o in internal sandhi,  but
started out as -as.  That sound change has
been described many times before.  Even when
the final word in the compound is of another
gender, the compound as a whole is masculine
because it is the Buddha's name.

     The first name is indra-ketu-dhvaja-raja-
before any ending is added.  Note that while
the final word in the compound is of a differ-
ent noun type and would by itself appear as
rajan, becoming raja in the nominative singular
(the word itself, which means "king," is mas-
culine), it confirms to the noun type of the
name, and so takes the ending of short -a
class nouns.  Indra is the name of the god
who is "Lord" ("Indra" literally means "Lord")
in the Trayastrimsa Heaven, the "Heaven of the
Thirty-Three."  ketu means "emblem" or "stand-
ard," as for example a flag or ensign.  It is
a masculine word deriving from the root  cit-
which means to shine or be clearly visible.
In Chinese the Sanskrit is often transliter-
ated instead of translated, and it appears
written as       standing for ketu, often, as
here, followed by another word of similar
meaning:  dhvaja "banner," "standard," or
"emblem," which is also masculine in gender.

     The second and third names both contain
the word for "fragrance" or "license"--gandha-
in stem form, also masculine.  One name ends
in uttama- "superior" or "highest," and the
final -a of gandha + initial u- give -o- at
their juncture.  The other name ends in the
masculine word prabhasa which means "splendor"
or "light."