a+cam-, acamati (I): to sip, to rinse
a+car-, acarati (I): to do, to perform, to practise
a+diw-, adiwati (VI): to order
a+gam-, agacchati (I): to come
a+gam-, caus. agamayati: to let come
a+hr-, aharati (I): to bring
a+hu-, ahvayati (IV): to call here, to call in
a+jba-, caus. ajbapayati: to order
a+kram-, akramati (I): to attack
a+ni+, anayati (I): to bring
a+rabh-, arabhate (I): to begin with (Acc.)
a+ruh-, arohati (I): to ascend, to mount
a+wri-, awrayate (I): to depend on, to seek refuge in
abharana-, n.: robe, decoration
abhi+a+as-, abhyasyati (IV): to study, to learn
abhi+nand-, abhinandate (I): to rejoice at, to welcome (Acc.)
abhi+ni-, abhinayati (I): to conduct, to act
abhi+vad-, abhivadati (I): to salute
abhyasa-, m.: repeating, studying
acarya-, m.: teacher
adewa-, m.: order
adharma-, m.: unrighteousness
adhastat, adv.: down, under (Gen.)
adhi+i-, caus. adhyapayati: to teach
adhi+stha-, adhitisthati (I): to govern, to rule, to drive
adhika-, Adj.: bigger than (with Abl.)
adhuna, adv.: now
adya, adv.: today, now
agamana-, n.: coming
agni-, m.: fire
ajba-, f.: order
aksa-, n.: eye, dice
ali-, m.: bee
amaru-, m.: the poet Amaru
amrta-, n.: nectar (the drink of immortality)
anala-, m.: fire
anartha-, m.: poverty
aneka-, Adj.: many, much, not one
anila-, m.: wind
anna-, n.: food
anrta-, n.: lie, untruth
anta-, m./n.: end
anta-, m.: end
anu+gam-, anugacchati (I): to follow
anu+stha-, anutisthati (I): to follow, to carry out, to perform
anujba-, f.: agreement
apa+har-, apaharati (I): to take away, to steal
apa+ni-, apanayati (I): to take away
apa+ni-, caus. apanayayati: to lead away
apara-, adj.: different, lower
aparaddha-, n.: transgression, offence
api-, part. also, even, even though
aranya-, n.: forest
ardha-, n.: half
ari-, m.: enemy
arth-, arthayate (X): to ask for (Acc.)
artha-, m.: meaning, prosperity, wealth
arthe, postp.: for the sake of
arya-, Adj./m.: noble
as-, asyati (IV): to throw
asana-, m.: seat, position
asatya-, n.: "un-truth", lie
asi-, m.: sword
asura-, m.: demon
ati+kram-, atikramati (I): to cross over, to transgress
atithi-, m.: guest
atra, adv.: here
ava+gam-, avagacchati: to understand
ava+krt-, avakrntati (VI): to cut off
ava+ruh-, avarohati: to descend
awa-, f.: hope
awrama-, m.: hermitage
awru-, n.: tear
awva-, m.: horse
badh-, pass. badhyate: to bind
bahu-, adj.: numerous, abundant, many
bahu-, m.: arm
bala-, m.: boy, child
bala-, n,: power, force, strength
bhadra-, n.: bliss, happiness, prosperity
bhaga-, m.: part
bhakti-, f.: devotion
bhan-, bhanati (I): to say
bhanu-, m.: sun
bhara-, m.: burden, load
bhartr-, m.: husband
bharya-, f,: wife
bhas-, bhasate (I): to speak, to say
bhasa-, f.: language
bhaya-, m.: fear
bhaya-, n.: fear
bhiks-, bhiksate (I): to beg
bhiksa-, f.: alms
bhiksu-, m.: Buddhist monk, mendicant, beggar
bhojana-, n.: food
bhojana-, n.: food
bhram-, bhramyati (IV): to wander about
bhratr-, m.: brother
bhrtaka-, m.: servant
bhrtya-, m.: servant
bhru-, f.: eyebrow
bhu-, bhavati (I): to be, to become
bhu-, f.: land, earth, ground
bhumi-, f.: earth, land, ground
bhupala-, m.: ruler
bhusana-, n.: ornament
bhuti-, f.: well-being, prosperity
bindu-, m.: drop
brahmana-, m.: brahmin
buddha-, m.: Buddha
buddhi-, f.: wisdom
ca - ca: both - and
car-, carati (I): to walk, to roam, to practise
caru-, adj.: beautiful
cet, postposition: if
chaya-, f.: shadow, shade
ciram, adv.: for the long time
cur-, corayati (X): to steal
da-, caus. dapayati: to let give
da-, pass. diyate: to give
dah-, dahati (I): to burn
dana, n.: gift
dand-, dandayati (X): to beat, to punish
danda-, m.: stick, punishment
dardura-, m.: frog
daridra-, adj.: poor
darwana-, n.: seeing, meeting, audience
dasa-, m.: servant, slave
dasi-, f.: female servant, female slave
datr-, m.: giver
daw-, dawati (I): to bite
deha-, mn.: body
deva, m.: god, lord
devalaya-, m.: temple
devi-, f.: goddess, mistress
dewa-, m.: country
dhairya-, n.: patience, courage, firmness
dhana, n.: wealth, money
dhanya-, n.: grain
dharma-, m.: law, righteousness, Law, Buddhism
dhav-, dhavati (I): to run
dhi-, f.: thought, reason
dhira-, adj.: wise, firm
dhrti-, f.: courage, firmness
dhya-, dhyayati (IV): to think, to meditate
dirgha-, adj.: long, far
div-, d-vyati (IV): to play
diw-, diwati (VI): to show, to point
dosa-, m.: fault, offense
dru-, dravati (I): to run
drw-, caus. darwayati: to show
drw-, pas. drwyate: to look (like), to seem
drw-, pawyati (IV): to see, to look
duhitr-, f.: daughter
duhkha-, n.: suffering
duhkhita- ,adj.: unhappy, distressed
durga-, f.: the goddess Durga
durjana-, m.: bad man, villain
dusta-, adj.: bad, rotten
duta-, m.: messenger
dvija-, m.: "twice-born", brahmin
dvijati-, m.: "twice-born", member of a high caste
eva, adv.: just, only
evam, adv.: thus
ga-, gayati (IV): to sing
gaja-, m.: elephant
gam-, gacchati (I): to go
gan-, ganayati (X): to count
gandha-, m.: scent, fragrance
gardabha-, m.: donkey
gavga-, f.: the river Ganga
ghasa-, m.: grass, pasture
ghata-, m.: pot, jar
ghra-, jighrati (III): to smell
ghrta-, n.: clarified butter, ghee
giri-, m.: mountain
gita-, n.: song
gopa-, m.: cowherd
gostha-, m.: cowshed
grama, m.: village
grantha-, m.: composition, book (text)
grha-, n.: house
grhastha-, m.: householder
guh-, guhati (I): to hide, to conceal
guna-, m.: quality
guru-, m.: teacher, guru
han-, caus. ghatayati: to kill
hari-, m.: personal name
hasta-, m.: hand
he, part.: oh!
hr-, harati (I): to take, to take away, to carry
hrasvam, adv.: near, close, in proximity
hrdaya-, n.: heart
hu-, hvayati (IV): to call
huta-, n.: oblation, offering
idanim, adv.: now
iha, adv. here
iks-, iksate (I): to look at, to stare
indra-, m.: Hindu god Indra
indrani-, f.: Indrani, Indra's wife
is-, icchati (VI): to want, to yearn for
isu-, m.: arrow
iti, part.: so
iva, part.: as, like, as if
iwvara-, m.: lord, master, god
jala, n.: water
jamatr-, m.: son-in-law
jan-, jayate (IV): to be born
jana-, m.: person
janaka-, m.: father
janani-, f.: mother
jati-, f.: birth, caste
jaya-, m.: victory, glory
ji-, jayati (I): to win, to conquer
jiv-, jivati (I): to live
jivana-, n.: life
jivita-, n.: life
juhu-, f.: sacrificial ladle
kada, adv.: when?
kala-, m.: time, death
kalaha-, m.: quarrel, fight
kalena, adv.: sometimes
kalidasa-, m.: the poet Kalidasa
kalyana-, n.: benefit, goodness
kama-, m.: pleasure, desire
kamp-, kampate (I): to shake, to tremble
kanya-, f.: girl, daughter
kapota-, m.: pigeon
kara-, m.: hand, elephant's trunk, tax
karana-, n.: cause
kastha-, n.: wood
kata-, m.: mat
kath-, kathayati (X): to tell, to narrate
katha-, f.: story
katham, adv.: how?
kavi-, m.: poet
kavya-, n.: poetry
kawi-, f.: the city of Kashi (Varanasi)
khad-, khadati (I): to eat
khan-, khanati (I): to dig
khara-, m.: donkey
kim, adv.: what?, why?
kirti-, f.: fame
klp-, kalpate (I): lead towards (Dat.)
kopa-, m.: anger
kr-, pass. kriyate: to do
krodha-, m.: anger
krs-, krsati (I): to plow, to cultivate (field)
krsi-, f.: agriculture
krsna-, black
krt-, krntati (VI): to cut
krtsna-, adj.: whole
krudh-, krudhyati (IV): to be angry (with Gen. or Dat.)
krwa-, Adj.: thin, emaciated
ksal-, ksalayati (X): to wash
ksam-, ksamate: to forgive (what - Acc., to whom - Dat. or Gen.)
ksana-, m.: moment
ksatriya-, m.: kshatriya, fighter
ksetra-, n.: field
ksip-, ksipati (VI): to throw
ksira-, n.: milk
kumara-, m.: prince, young man
kunta-, m.: spear, lance
kup-, kupyati (IV): to be angry (with Gen. or Dat.)
kupa-, m.: well
kutah, adv.: where from? why?
kutra, adv.: where?
kva, adv.: where?
labh-, labhate (I): to get, to obtain
laksana-, n.: mark, characteristic, sign
laksmi-, f.: the goddess Lakshmi
lavgala-, n.: plough
likh-, likhati (VI): to write
lip-, limpati (VI): to smear
lobha-, m.: greed
loka-, m.: world (in Pl. means also "people")
lubh-, lubhyati (IV): to long for, to desire (with Dat. or Loc.)
lup-, lumpati (VI): to steal, to rob
mad-, madyati (IV): to be intoxicated
madhu-, n.: honey
madhye, postp.: between, amongst (with genitive)
maharaja-, m.: great king
maharani-, f.: queen
mahisa-, m.: buffalo
maksika-, f.: fly
mala-, f.: garland
mam: me (Acc.)
man-, manyate (IV): to think, to suppose
mani-, m.: gem, precious stone
manoratha-, m.: desire
manusya-, m.: person
marana-, n.: death
marga, m.: way, road
masa-, m.: month
matsya-, m.: fish
mauna-, n.: silence
mayura-, m.: peacock
megha-, m.: cloud
mitra-, n.: friend
moha-, m.: delusion
moksa-, m.: deliverance
mr-, caus. marayti: to kill
mr-, mriyate (IV): to die
mrg-, mrgayate (X): to search for
mrg-, mrgayate (X): to search for, to hunt for
mrga-, m.: deer
mrtyu-, m.: death
muc-, mubcati (VI): to free, to discharge
mud-, modate (I): to delight in (Ins.)
mukha-, n.: face, mouth
mukhya-, adj.: main, foremost
mukti-, f.: deliverance
muni-, m.: sage, saint
murkha-, Adj.: foolish
murti-, f.: image, form, statue
nadi-, f.: river
nagara, n.: city, town
nagari-, f.: city
nam-, namati (I): to bow, to prostrate, to worship
namas-, adv.: hail!, glory! (Dat.)
nandana-, n.: Indra's paradise
naptr-, m.: grandson
nara-, m.: man
naraka-, m.: hell
nari-, f.: woman
nataka-, n.: play, drama
navina-, adj.: new
naw-, nawyati (IV): to be lost, to perish
nawa-, m.: destruction, annihilation
netr- ,m.: leader
netra- n.: eye
ni-, nayati (I): to lead
ni+sad-, nisidati (I): to sit down
ni+sev-, nisevate (I): to serve
ni+vas-, nivasati (I):to dwell
ni+vid-, caus. nivedayati: to announce, to report
nica-, adj.: low
nidewa-, m.: order
nidhana-, n.: treasure
nih+gam-, nirgacchati (I): to go out
nih+pad-, nispadyate (IV): to originate, to appear
nija-, adj.: one's, own
nivewana-, n.: dwelling
niwcaya-, m.: decision
nrpa-, m.: ruler, king
nrpati-, m.: king, ruler
pa-, palayati: to protect
pa-, pibati (I): to drink
pac-, pacati (I): to cook
pada-, m.: foot, footprint
pada-, n.: step, place
padma-, n.: lotus
pal-, palayati (X): to protect
pandita-, m.: scholar, learned man
pani-, m.: hand, palm
panini-, m.: the grammarian Panini
papa-, adj.: bad, sinful
papa-, n.: sin
para-, adj.: highest, different
para+ji-, parajayati: completely conquer
parawu-, m.: axe
pari+dha-, caus. paridhapayati: to wear
pari+ni-, parinayati: to marry
parthiva-, m.: ruler
parvata-, m.: mountain, hill
pat-, caus. patayati: to knock down
pat-, patati (I): to fall, to fly
pataliputra-, n.: the city of Pataliputra (Patna)
path-, pathati (I): to read, to recite
patha-, m.: lesson, study
pathika-, m.: traveler
pati-, m.: Lord, master, husband
patni-, f.: wife
pattra-, n.: leaf, letter
paura-, m.: citizen
pavitra-, adj.: clean, holy
pawa-, m.: snare, trap
pawu-, m.: sacrificial animal, cattle
pawupalya-, n.: the breeding of cattle
pid-, pidayati (X): to torture, to hurt
pitamaha-, m.: grandfather
pitr-, otec; Du. parents, Pl. ancestors
pr-, parayati (X): to overcome
pr-, pass. puryate: to fill
pr.ch-, prcchati (VI): to ask
pra+arth-, prarthayate: to ask, to beg
pra+as-, prasyati (IV): to throw
pra+bhu-, prabhavati (I): to arise, to appear
pra+jan-, prajayate (IV): to be born
pra+pad-, prapadyate (IV): to go to, to take refuge in (Acc.)
pra+stha-, caus. prasthapayati: to send
pra+stha-, pratisthati: to go away
pra+viw-, pravisati (VI): to enter
pra+vrt-, pravartate (I): to become, to arise
prabhuta-, adj.: manifold, many
praja-, f.: subject, people
prana-, m.: breath, Pl. life
prasada-, m.: palace
prath-, caus. prathayati: to propagate, to disseminate, to spread
prati: towards (with Acc.)
prati+bhas-, pratibhasate (I): to answer
prati+gam-, pratigacchati (I): to come back, to go back, to return
prati+iks-, pratiksate (I): to await, to expect
prati+sidh-, pratisedhate (I): to prevent, to restrain
prayaga-, m.: the city of Prayaga (modern Ilahabad)
prayawcitta-, n.: expiation, atonement
pri-, caus. prinayati: to please, to delight
prthivi-, f.: earth
puj-, pujayati (X): to honour, to worship, to revere
puja-, f.: worship, homage
punar, adv.: again
punya-, n.: merit
pura-, m.: flood, stream
purana-, n.: old story, Purana (kind of Hindu scripture)
purusa-, m.: man
puspa-, n.: flower
pusta-, Adj.: fat
pustaka-, n.: book (manuscript)
putra, m.: son
putri-, f.: daughter
r-, rcchati (I): to get, to obtain, to share
rac-, racayati (X): to compose
rajbi-, f.: queen
rajya-, n.: kingdom
raks-, raksati (I): to protect
raksana-, n.: protection
raksana-, n.: protection
raksitr-, m.: protector
ram-, ramate (I): to play
rama-, m.: Rama (personal name)
ramayana-, n.: epos Ramayana
rana-, mn.: battle
ratha-, m.: chariot
rathya-, f.: street
ratna-, f,: gem
ratna-, n.: jewel, precious stone
rawi-, m.: heap, mass, quantity
rawmi-, f.: ray
ripu-, m.: enemy
rksa-, m.: bear
roga-, m.: illness
rsi-, m.: seer
ruc-, rocate (I): to like (Dat., Gen.)
rud-, rodati (I): to weep
ruh-, rohati (I): to grow
rupa-, m.: form, beauty
rupaka-, n.: coin
sabha-, f.: congregation, meeting, assembly
sad-, sidati (I): to sit, to sit down
sada, adv.: always
sadhu-, adj.: holy, righteous
sadhu-, m.: holy man
sagara-, m.: sea
sah-, sahate (I): to bear, to endure
saha, prep. or postp.: with (with Inst.)
sahasa, adv.: suddenly
sainika-, m.: soldier
sajdigdha-, adj.: doubtful, questionable
sajtosa-, m.: satisfaction, contentedness
sam+a+car-, samacarati (I): to perform
sam+bhas-, sajbhasate (I): to converse, to talk with (Ins.)
sam+gaj-, sajgacchate: to come together
sama-, adj.: same, equal, even
samagra-, adj.: complete, whole
samudra-, m.: ocean, sea
samyak, adv.: well, rightly
sarpa-, m.: snake, serpent
sarvatah, adv.: everywhere, thoroughly, by all means
sarvatra, adv.: everywhere
satya-, n.: truth
senapati-, m.: general, army leader
sev-, sevate (I): to serve, to honour (Acc.)
seva-, f.: service
sevaka-, m.: servant
sic-, sibcati (VI): to sprinkle, to discharge
sidh-, caus. sadhayati: to accomplish
sijha-, m.: lion
smr-, smarati (I): to remember
smrti-, f.: tradition, Hindu non-vedic scripture
snih-, snihyati (IV): to like (with Gen. or Loc.)
snusa-, f.: daughter-in-law
sprw-, sprwati (VI): to touch
srastr-, m.: creator
srj-, srjati (VI): to create
srsti-, f.: creation
stena-, m.: thief, robber
stha-, tisthati (I): to stand, to stay
stotra-, n.: ode, a hymn of praise
stri-, f.: woman
stuti-, f.: praise
sukha-, n.: happiness
sukta-, n.: Vedic hymn
sundara-, adj.: beautiful
sundari-, f.: beauty
surya-, m.: sun, the god of the Sun
suta-, m.: charioteer
suvarna-, n.: gold
svapna-, m.: sleep, dream
svarga-, n.: heaven
svasr-, f.: sister
tad-, tadayati (X): to beat
tada, adv.: then, at that time
taksawila-, f.: the city Takshashila (Taxila)
tam-, tamyati (IV): to be disturbed, to grieve (Abl.)
taru-, m.: tree
tata-, m.: daddy
tatha, adv.: thus, so
tatra, adv.: there
tira-, n.: shore, bank
tr-, tarati (I): to cross over
tu, part.: but
tud-, tudati (VI): to strike, to pierce
tul-, tolayati (X): to lift up, to weigh
tus-, tusyati (IV): to rejoice, to be satisfied (Ins.)
tyaj-, tyajati (I): to leave, to give up
ucca-, adj.: high
ud+pat-, utpatati: to take off
ud+stha-, uttisthati (I): to get up, to stand up
udadhi-, m.: ocean
udyana-, n.: garden
udyana-, n.: garden
udyoga-, m.: exertion, perseverance
upa+diw-, upadiwati (VI): to teach, to instruct, to admonish
upa+iks-, upeksate (I): to neglect
upa+ni-, upanayati: to initiate
upa+viw-, upaviwati (VI): to sit down
upadewa-, m.: advice, instruction
urvawi-, f.: the nymph Urvashi
va: or
vac-, pass. ucyate: is called
vad-, vadati (I): to speak, to say
vadhu-, f.: woman, wife
vah-, vahati (I): to carry, to blow, to flow
vaiwya-, m.: a member of Vaishya caste
vakra-, adj.: curved, twisted
vaktr-, m.: speaker
vana-, n.: forest
vanaprasta-, m.: hermit, recluse
vand-, vandate (I): to praise, to pay homage
vanijya-, n.: business, trade
vap-, vapati (I): to sow
vapi-, f.: pond, pool
vara-, adj.: better, best
vari-, n.: water
varuna-, m.: (Vedic god) Varuna
vas-, vasati (I): to dwell
vasati-, f.: dwelling
vastra-, n.: clothing
vasu-, n.: thing, wealth
vayu-, m.: wind
vi+ram-, viramate (I): to give up, to abandon (Abl.)
vi+vad-, vivadati (I): to argue
vici-, m.: wave
vid-, caus. vedayati: to announce, to make known
vid-, vindati (VI): to get, to acquire
vidhi-, m.: way, mode; rule, direction
vidya-, f.: knowledge, wisdom
vihaga-, m.: bird
vihaga-, m.: bird
vinaya-, m.: discipline
vipra-, m.: brahmin
vira-, m.: hero
vira-, m.: hero
visnu-, m.: Hindu god Vishnu
vivada-, m.: disputation, argument
viw-, viwati (VI): to enter
viwa-, n.: poison
vrana-, n.: wound, sore
vrdh-, caus. vardhayati: to make bigger, to enlarge
vrka-, m.: wolf
vrksa-, m.: tree
vrs-, varsati (I): to rain, to pour down, to shower
vrt-, vartate (I): to be, to exist
vrt-, vartate (I): to live on
vrtha, adv.: in vain, to no avail
vrtta-, n.: behavior
vrttanta-, n.: story
vyadh-, vidhyati (IV): to pierce
vyadha-, m.: hunter
vyaghra-, m.: tiger
wajs-, wajsati (I): to praise, to extol
wakha-, f.: branch
wam-, wamyati (IV): to be pacified, to be finished
wanti-, f.: peace, silence
wara-, m.: arrow
warana-, n.: refuge
was-, pass. wisyate: to rule, to punish
wastr-, m.: ruler, "punisher"
wastra-, n.: treatise, law-book
watru-, m.: enemy
wikhara-, m.: summit, top
wiks-, wiksate (I): to learn
wiksita-, Adj.: learned
wisya-, m.: student, pupil
wiva-, m.: Shiva
wiwu-, m.: child
wiwu-, m.: child
wloka-, m.: verse (of two lines in the metre Anustubh)
wobha-, f.: splendor, brilliance, beauty
wobhana-, n.: ornament, virtue
wraddha-, m.: ceremony for the sake of dead relatives, oblation for them
wram-, wramyati (IV): to become tired
wri-, f.: luck, beauty, wealth
wru-, caus. wravayati: to tell ("to make hear")
wru-, pass. wruyate: to hear
wruti-, f.: Vedic scripture
wubh-, wobhate (I): to shine
wuc-, wocate (I): to regret (Abl.)
wudra-, m.: Shudra (low-caste)
wus-, wusyati (IV): to dry out
wvas, adv.: tomorrow
wvawru-, f.: mother-in-law
wvawura-, m.: father-in-law
wveta-, adj.: white
ya-, rel. pron.: which
yada, adv.: when (relative)
yaj-, yajati (I): to sacrifice
yaj-, yajati (I): to sacrifice
yajba-, m.: sacrifice
yam-, yacchati (I): to give
yamuna-, f.: the river Yamuna
yat-, yatate (I): to strive for (Dat.)
yatha, adv.: how, as (relative)
yati-, m.: ascetic
yatra, adv.: where (relative)
yavat-tavat: when… then…, as far as
yoga-, m.: yoga
yuddha-, m.: war
yudh-, yudhyati (IV): to fight