Lesson 17


The declension of standard and monosyllabic feminine "u-stems":

 

vadhu- (f., woman):

Sg. Du. Pl.
Nom. vadhuh vadhvau vadhvah
Acc. vadhum vadhvau vadhuh
Ins. vadhva vadhubhyam vadhubhih
Dat. vadhvai vadhubhyam vadhubhyah
Abl. vadhvah vadhubhyam vadhubhyah
Gen. vadhvah vadhvoh vadhunam
Loc. vadhvam vadhvoh vadhusu
Voc. vadhu vadhvau vadhvah

 

bhu- (f., earth):
 

Sg. Du. Pl.
Nom. bhuh bhuvau bhuvah
Acc. bhuvam bhuvau bhuvah
Ins. bhuva bhubhyam bhubhih
Dat. bhuve bhubhyam bhubhyah
Abl. bhuvah bhubhyam bhubhyah
Gen. bhuvah bhuvoh bhuvam|bhunam
Loc. bhuvi bhuvoh bhusu
Voc. bhuh bhuvau bhuvah


Text (read and translate):

 

1. sundarya bhruvau vakre drwyete |

2. snusabhih saha wvawrunaj kalahah pravartata |

3. wvawrvah kopacchocati snusa |

4. vadhvah snihyatu patih |

5. juhvagnau ghrtaj prasyama |

6. he vadhu kupajjalamanaya |

7. bhruvoradhastannetre vartete |

8. bhuvi ma sidateti janani wiwunadiwat |

9. durgayah stutirnaryo 'gayan |

10. gunaireva jananaj hrdayani vindata na tu dhanaih |

11. ratnanyanayeti dasi rajbyadiwyata |

12. acaryasya nivewanamagacchatu wisyah |

13. giravagnayo 'drwyanta |

14. nara nagaramagacchantviti nrpatinadiwyata |

15. bhuvo bhago brahmanayadiyata |

16. parthivanaj gunah kavibhih stuyante |


The exercise key


Translate to Sanskrit:

 

1. People live on earth and gods in heaven.

2. Do not look at daughter-in-law!

3. "Take away nice clothes," ordered the householder.

4. Let the student not argue with the teacher.

5. Let us live there, where [is] the dwelling of [the goddess] Shri.

6. The eyebrows of beauties are always black.

7. There is no water in the well.

8. Who protects the earth is called a ruler.


The exercise key


Vocabulary:

 

pra+as-, prasyati (IV): to throw

drw-, pas. drwyate: to look (like), to seem

vi+vad-, vivadati (I): to argue

pra+vrt-, pravartate (I): to become, to arise

wuc-, wocate (I): to regret (Abl.)

apa+har-, apaharati (I): to take away, to steal

ksana-, m.: moment

guna-, m.: quality

acarya-, m.: teacher

juhu-, f.: sacrificial ladle

durga-, f.: the goddess Durga

nivewana-, n.: dwelling

bhu-, f.: land, earth, ground

bhru-, f.: eyebrow

rajbi-, f.: queen

laksmi-, f.: the goddess Lakshmi

kupa-, m.: well

bhupala-, m.: ruler

vadhu-, f.: woman, wife

wvawru-, f.: mother-in-law

sundari-, f.: beauty

stuti-, f.: praise

snusa-, f.: daughter-in-law

vakra-, adj.: curved, twisted

yavat-tavat: when... then... as far as

ya-, rel. pron.: which