Gāthā | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
A good person may even see evil [in his good deeds] as
long as the goodness has not ripened.
When the goodness has ripened, then the good person sees
those good deeds.
bhadro pi passati
pāpaṃ
yāva bhadraṃ
na paccati
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N.m. conj. V.act.in.
N.n. Rel.Adv. N.n.
neg. V.pas.in.
Nom.Sg. | 3.Sg.pres.
Acc.Sg. |
Nom.Sg. | 3.Sg.pres.
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List of Abbreviations
yadā
ca paccati bhadraṃ
atha bhadro bhadrāni passati
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Rel.Adv. conj. V.pas.in. N.n.
Adv. N.m. N.n.
V.act.in.
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Nom.Sg. Acc.Pl. 3.Sg.pres.
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bhadro: bhadra-, Adj.: good, beneficial. As an N.m.: good person. Nom.Sg. = bhadro.
pi, conj.: also, even.
passati: sees. The verb root is dis- (to see). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = passati.
pāpaṃ: pāpa-, Adj.: evil, wrong. As an N.n.: evil, wrong doing. Acc.Sg. = pāpaṃ.
yāva, Rel.Adv.: as long as, as far as.
bhadraṃ: bhadra-,
Adj.: good, beneficial. As an N.n.: good deed, something bringing benefit.
Nom.Sg. = bhadraṃ.
na, neg.: not.
paccati, V.: to be cooked, fig.: to ripe. It is a pas. of the verb pac- (to cook). 3.Sg.pas.in.pres. = paccati.
List of Abbreviations
yadā, Rel.Adv.: when.
ca, conj.: and.
paccati: see above.
bhadraṃ: see above.
atha, Adv.: then.
bhadro: see above.
bhadrāni:
bhadra-, Adj.: good, beneficial. As an N.n.: good deed, something
bringing benefit.
Acc.Pl. = bhadrāni.
passati: see above.
List of Abbreviations
This verse consists of two syntactically
separate sentences. They are:
1) bhadro pi passati pāpaṃ
yāva bhadraṃ
na paccati (a good person may even see evil [in his good deeds] as
long as the goodness has not ripened). This can be further analyzed into
two segments:
a) bhadro pi passati pāpaṃ
(a good person may even see evil [in his good deeds]). The subject of this
sentence is the adjective/noun bhadro (good person, nominative singular).
The verb is passati (sees, 3rd person, singular, active,
indicative, present tense). The object is the adjective/noun pāpaṃ
(evil, accusative singular). The sentence is modified by the conjunction
pi (even).
b) yāva
bhadraṃ na paccati (as long as the goodness
has not ripened). The subject is the adjective/noun bhadraṃ
(goodness, nominative singular). The verb is in passive, paccati
(has ripened, 3rd person, singular, passive, indicative, present
tense). It is negated by the negative particle na (not). The relative
adverb yāva (as long as) connects this
segment to the previous one.
2) yadā
ca paccati bhadraṃ atha bhadro bhadrāni
passati (when the goodness has ripened, then the good person sees those
good deeds). This contains two related sentences:
a) yadā
ca paccati bhadraṃ (when the goodness
has ripened). The subject is the adjective/noun bhadraṃ
(goodness, nominative singular). The verb is in passive, paccati
(has ripened, 3rd person, singular, passive, indicative, present
tense). The relative adverb yadā (when)
introduces the sentence and connects it to the following one. The conjunction
ca (and) serves mainly for metrical purposes.
b) atha bhadro bhadrāni
passati (then the good person sees those good deeds). The subject of
this sentence is the adjective/noun bhadro (good person, nominative
singular). The verb is passati (sees, 3rd person, singular,
active, indicative, present tense). The object is the adjective/noun bhadrāni
(good deeds, accusative plural). The adverb atha (then) introduces
the sentence and connects it to the previous one.
The story for this verse is identical
with the story for the previous verse.
Sometimes it seems that people, who
are committing evil deeds are lucky and enjoy happy life, whereas those,
who are good and perform only meritorious deeds suffer the most. But at
the end, the results of the deeds will ripe and when the time comes to
that, the evildoer will finally receive the fruit of his evil deeds and
the good person will be able to see the results of his beneficial actions.
Word pronunciation:
bhadro
pi
passati
pāpaṃ
yāva
bhadraṃ
na
paccati
yadā
ca
atha
bhadrāni