| Gāthā | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
| Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
[continued from DhP 186]
he does not find liking even for divine pleasures.
A student of the truly and completely Awakened One is
devoted to destruction of cravings.
api dibbesu kāmesu
ratiṃ so
na adhigacchati
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part. Adj.m. N.m.
N.f. Pron.m. neg. V.act.in.
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Acc.Sg. Nom.Sg. | 3.Sg.pres.
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List of Abbreviations
taṇha+kkhaya+rato
hoti sammā+sambuddha+sāvako
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N.f. N.m. Adj.m.
V.act.in. Adv. Adj.
N.m.
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api, part.: also, as well, even (often spelled pi).
dibbesu: dibba-, Adj.: divine, heavenly. Loc.Sg.m. = dibbesu.
kāmesu: kāma-, N.m.: sense-pleasure, sense desire. Loc.Pl. = kāmesu.
ratiṃ: rati-, N.f.: love, attachment, liking for. Acc.Sg. = ratiṃ.
so: tad-, Pron.n.: it. Nom.Sg.m. = so.
na, neg.: not.
adhigacchati, V.: find, obtain. The verb root is
gam- (to go) with the prefix adhi- (above, towards). 3.Sg.act.pres.in.
= adhigacchati.
Euphonic combination: na + adhigacchati
= nādhigacchati.
List of Abbreviations
taṇhakkhayarato:
taṇhakkhayarata-, Adj.: devoted to
destruction of cravings. It is a compound of:
taṇhā-,
N.f.: thirst, craving.
khaya-, N.m.: destruction,
dissolution, end.
rata-, Adj.: devoted. It is
a p.p. of the verb ram- (to delight in, to be devoted to).
Euphonic combination: taṇhā-
+ khaya- = taṇhakkhaya-.
Nom.Sg.m. = taṇhakkhayarato.
hoti, V. is. The verb root is bhū- (to be). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = bhavati or hoti.
sammāsambuddhasāvako:
sammāsambuddhasāvaka-,
N.m.: student of the truly and completely Awakened One. It is a compound
of:
sammāsambuddha-,
N.m.: truly and completely Awakened One. This denotes the Buddha Shakyamuni.
It can be further analyzed as:
sammā,
Adv.: properly, rightly, as it should be, truly.
sambuddha-,
Adj.: completely awakened. It is a p.p. of the verb sam+budh-,
to awaken completely. Prefix sam- denotes the completeness of the
action, "together", "wholy". The verb budh- means to wake up.
sāvaka-,
N.m.: , "listener", student, pupil. It is derived from the verb root su-
(to hear, to listen).
Nom.Sg. = sammāsambuddhasāvako.
List of Abbreviations
This verse consists of two syntactically
separate sentences. They are:
1) api dibbesu kāmesu
ratiṃ so nādhigacchati
(he does not find liking even for divine pleasures). The subject of this
sentence is the pronoun so (he, nominative singular). The verb is
adhigacchati (finds, 3rd person, singular, active, indicative,
present tense). It is negated by the negative particle na (not).
The object is the noun ratiṃ (pleasure,
accusative singular). It has an attribute, the noun kāmesu
(in pleasures, locative plural). This word has itself an attribute, the
adjective dibbesu (in divine, locative plural). It is further modified
by the particle api (even).
2) taṇhakkhayarato
hoti sammāsambuddhasāvako
(a student of the truly and completely Awakened One is devoted to destruction
of cravings). The subject is the compound sammāsambuddhasāvako
(a student of the truly and completely Awakened One, nominative singular).
The verb is hoti (is, 3rd person, singular, active, indicative,
present tense). The object is the adjective compound taṇhakkhayarato
(devoted to destruction of cravings, nominative singular).
The story for this verse is identical
with the one for the previous verse (DhP 187).
It is a well-known fact that people
are never satisfied with what they have. Even millionaires want to become
billionaires; even kings want to become emperors. So the Buddha's message
is rather simple: be satisfied with little and rather strive for the spiritual
perfection, do not wish for worldly possessions.
Word pronunciation:
api
dibbesu
kāmesu
ratiṃ
so
na
adhigacchati
taṇhakkhayarato
taṇhā
khaya
rato
hoti
sammāsambuddhasāvako
sammāsambuddha
sammā
sambuddha
sāvako