Undertaking what is not to be undertaken, not undertaking what is to be undertaken,
having renounced spiritual welfare; one grasping after the pleasant envies one who is pursuing the purification of mind.

ayoge    yuñjam attānaṃ yogasmiṃ ca ayojanaṃ
|                 |            |             |         |          |
N.m.      Adj.m.    N.m.      N.m.  conj.    N.n.
Loc.Sg. Nom.Sg. Acc.Sg.  Loc.Sg.   |     Nom.Sg.
|                 |_______|             |_____|_____|
|_____________|                         |__|
            |______________________|_________________________________

List of Abbreviations

atthaṃ  hitvā   piya+ggāhī      piheti     atta+anuyoginaṃ
|               |         |        |              |           |            |
N.n.     V.ger.  Adj. Adj.m.   V.act.in.  N.m.     Adj.m.
Acc.Sg.    |         |   Nom.Sg. 3.Sg.pres.   |        Acc.Sg.
|________|         |_____|              |          |_______|
        |                     |                   |_________|
        |                     |_______________|
____|___________________|

ayoge: ayoga-, N.m.: what is not to be undertaken. It is the word yoga-, N.m.: see below, negated by the negative prefix a-. Loc.Sg. = ayoge.

yuñjam: yuñjant-, Adj.: pursuing, undertaking. It is an a.pr.p. of the verb root yuj- (to connect). Nom.Sg.m. = yuñjam.

attānaṃ: attan-, N.m.: self, oneself. Acc.Sg. = attānaṃ.

yogasmiṃ: yoga-, N.m.: lit. endeavor, effort, undertaking. It is derived from the verb root yuj- (to connect). Here: what is to be undertaken. Loc.Sg. = yogasmiṃ.

ca, conj.: and.

ayojanaṃ: ayojana-, N.n.: pursuing, undertaking. It is derived from the verb root yuj- (to connect) with the negative prefix a-. Nom.Sg. = ayojanaṃ.

atthaṃ: attha-, N.n.: welfare, attainment. Here in the sense of "spiritual attainment". Acc.Sg. = atthaṃ.

List of Abbreviations

hitvā, V.ger.: having renounced, having left behind. It is a ger. of the verb hā- (to abandon, to leave).

piyaggāhī: piyagāhin-, Adj.: grasping after the pleasant. It is a compound of:
    piya-, Adj.: dear, beloved, pleasant.
    gāhin-, Adj.: grasping. It is derived from the verb root gah- (to grasp) with the possessive suffix -in. Nom.Sg.m. = piyagāhī.

piheti, V.: envy, covet, desire. The verb root is pih-. 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = piheti.

attānuyoginaṃ: attānuyogin-, Adj.: pursuing the purification of one's mind. Lit. pursuing oneself, given to oneself. It is a compound of:
    attan-, N.m.: self, oneself. Compound form: atta-.
    anuyogin-, Adj.: pursuing, given to. It is derived from the verb root yuj- (to connect) with the prefix anu- (after) and the possessive suffix -in.
Euphonic combination: atta- + anuyogin- = attānuyogin-.
Acc.Sg.m. = attānuyoginaṃ.
Euphonic combination: piheti + attānuyoginaṃ = pihetattānuyoginaṃ.

List of Abbreviations

    This verse consists of four related sentences. They are:
    1) ayoge yuñjam attānaṃ (undertaking what is not to be undertaken). The subject is omitted. The verb is in the active present participle, yuñjam (undertaking, nominative singular). It has an attribute, the noun attānaṃ (oneself, accusative singular). The object is the noun ayoge (what is not to be undertaken, locative singular).
    2) yogasmiṃ ca ayojanaṃ (not undertaking what is to be undertaken). The subject is the noun ayojanaṃ (not undertaking, nominative singular). The verb is omitted, implying the verb "to be". The object is the noun yogasmiṃ (what is to be undertaken, locative singular). The conjunction ca (and) connects the sentence to the previous one.
    3) atthaṃ hitvā (having renounced spiritual welfare). The subject is omitted. The verb is in gerund, hitvā (having renounced). The object is the noun atthaṃ (spiritual welfare, accusative singular).
    4) piyaggāhī pihetattānuyoginaṃ (one grasping after the pleasant envies one who is pursuing the purification of mind). The subject is the compound adjective piyaggāhī (one who is grasping after the pleasant, nominative singular). The verb is piheti (envies, 3^rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense). The object is the adjective attānuyoginaṃ (one who is pursuing the purification of mind, accusative singular).

    A young man from Sāvatthi became a monk. Both his parents were very strongly attached to their son, so they left home too. But even in the monastery they could not live without each other. They stayed together, ate together, all day only talking, as if they were still at home. When the Buddha heard this, he admonished them strongly that by becoming monks and a nun, they should leave behind all worldly attachments. He also told them this verse as well as the two following ones (DhP 210, DhP 211).

Sentence pronunciation

Word pronunciation:

ayoge
yuñjam
attānaṃ
yogasmiṃ
ca
ayojanaṃ
atthaṃ
hitvā
piyaggāhī
piya
gāhī
piheti
attānuyoginaṃ
atta
anuyoginaṃ