Gāthā | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
Easy is life for somebody who is shameless, unconscientious,
offensive, braggart, reckless and impure.
sujīvaṃ
ahirikena kāka+sūrena
dhaṃsinā
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Adj.n. Adj.m. N.m. Adj.m.
Adj.m.
Nom.Sg. Ins.Sg. |
Ins.Sg. Ins.Sg.
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|_________|__________|__________________I.
|________________________________________________II.
List of Abbreviations
pakkhandinā pagabbhena saṃkiliṭṭhena
jīvitaṃ
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Adj.m.
Adj.m. Adj.m.
N.n.
Ins.Sg.
Ins.Sg. Ins.Sg.
Nom.Sg.
I.__|____________|__________|
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|_________________________|
II.___________________|
sujīvaṃ: sujīva-, Adj.: easy to live. It is derived from the verb root jīv- (to live) with the prefix su- (easy, good). Nom.Sg.n. = sujīvaṃ.
ahirikena: ahirika-, Adj.: shameless, unscrupulous.
It is derived from the word hirī-,
N.f.: sense of shame, conscience. There is added a negative prefix a-
and an adjective suffix -ka.
Ins.Sg.m. = ahirikena.
kākasūrena:
kākasūra-,
N.m.: unconscientious man, somebody without shame. Lit. "a crow hero".
It is a compound of:
kāka-,
N.m.: crow.
sūra-,
N.m.: hero.
Ins.Sg. = kākasūrena.
List of Abbreviations
dhaṃsinā: dhaṃsin-, Adj.: obtrusive, offensive. Ins.Sg.m. = dhaṃsinā.
pakkhandinā: pakkhandin-, Adj.: bold, braggart. Lit. "jumping forth". It is derived from the verb root khand- (to jump) with the prefix pa- (forth). Ins.Sg.m. = pakkhandinā.
pagabbhena: pagabbha-, Adj.: reckless, daring. Ins.Sg.m. = pagabbhena.
saṃkiliṭṭhena: saṃkiliṭṭha-, Adj.: bad, impure, unclean. It is a p.p. of the verb kilis- (to go bad, to get stained, to be impure) with the prefix saṃ- (altogether). Ins.Sg.m. = saṃkiliṭṭhena.
jīvitaṃ: jīvita-, N.n.: life. Originally it is a p.p. of the verb root jīv- (to live). Nom.Sg. = jīvitaṃ.
List of Abbreviations
The subject of this sentence is the
noun jīvitaṃ
(life, nominative singular). It has six attributes: 1) the adjective ahirikena
(by a shameless one, instrumental singular), 2) the noun kākasūrena
(by an unconscientious one, instrumental singular), 3) dhaṃsinā
(by an offensive one, instrumental singular), 4) pakkhandinā
(by a braggart one, instrumental singular), 5) pagabbhena (by a
reckless one, instrumental singular) and 6) saṃkiliṭṭhena
(by an impure one, instrumental singular). The verb is omitted, implying
the verb "to be". The object is the adjective sujīvaṃ
(easy to live, nominative singular).
There was a monk named Cūla
Sāri. He was a physician and he often went
to see patients. Once he was returning from a patient and he met Venerable
Sāriputta. Cūla
Sāri told him his patient gave him delicious
food as a payment. He offered some food to Sāriputta,
who did not say anything and just continued on his way.
Later Sāriputta
reported the matter to the Buddha. The Buddha told Cūla
Sāri not to practice medicine for personal
gain and told him this verse (and the following one, DhP 245).
Word pronunciation:
sujīvaṃ
ahirikena
kākasūrena
kāka
sūrena
dhaṃsinā
pakkhandinā
pagabbhena
saṃkiliṭṭhena
jīvitaṃ