One who has attained perfection, is without fear, free of thirst and pure,
cut off the arrows of existence. For such a one, this is the very last life.

niṭṭhaṅ+gato        asantāsī  vīta+taṇho   anaṅgaṇo
|              |                |           |        |             |
N.f.       Adj.m.    Adj.m.   Adj. Adj.m.    Adj.m.
Acc.Sg. Nom.Sg. Nom.Sg.    |   Nom.Sg. Nom.Sg.
|________|               |           |_____|             |
       |_____________|_________|_________|
                                       |_____________________________________

List of Abbreviations

acchindi bhava+sallāni  antimo     ayaṃ   samussayo
|                |           |           |             |             |
V.act.     N.m.    N.n.    Adj.m.   Pron.m.    N.m.
3.Sg.aor.    |     Acc.Pl. Nom.Sg. Nom.Sg. Nom.Sg.
|                |______|           |________|_______|
|____________|                        |____|
_______|

niṭṭhaṅgato: niṭṭhaṅgata-, Adj.: has attained perfection. It is a compound of:
    niṭṭhā, N.f.: conclusion, perfection, summit, aim. The compound form (also the Acc.Sg.): niṭṭhaṅ.
    gata-, Adj.: gone. It is a p.p. of the verb gam- (to go).
Nom.Sg.m. = niṭṭhaṅgato.

asantāsī: asantāsin-, Adj.: fearless, not afraid. It is the word santāsin-, Adj.: frightened, trembling (it is derived from the word santāsa-, N.m.: fear, shock and the possessive suffix -in), negated by the negative prefix a-. Nom.Sg.m. = asantāsī.

vītataṇho: vītataṇha-, Adj.: without thirst. Lit. "with the thirst gone". It is a compound of:
    vīta-, Adj.: gone. It is a p.p. of the verb i- (to go) with the prefix vi- (away).
    taṇhā-, N.f.: thirst, craving.
Nom.Sg.m. = vītataṇho.

anaṅgaṇo: anaṅgaṇa-, Adj.: pure, clear, without specks. It is the word aṅgaṇa-, N.m.: speck, freckle, with the negative prefix an-. Nom.Sg.m. = anaṅgaṇo.

List of Abbreviations

acchindi, V.: has cut off, has destroyed. The verb root is chid-. 3.Sg.act.aor. = acchindi.

bhavasallāni: bhavasalla-, N.n.: the arrows of existence. It is a compound of:
    bhava-, N.m.: becoming, existence. It is derived from the verb root bhū- (to be).
    salla-, N.n.: arrow, dart.
Acc.Pl. = bhavasallāni.

antimo: antima-, Adj.: last, final. Nom.Sg.m. = antimo.

ayaṃ: idaṃ, Pron.: this. Nom.Sg.m. = ayaṃ.
Euphonic combination: antimo + ayaṃ = antimoyaṃ.

samussayo: samussaya-, N.m.: life, body, accumulation, complex. Nom.Sg. = samussayo.

List of Abbreviations

    This verse consists of two syntactically separate sentences. They are:
    1) niṭṭhaṅgato asantāsī vītataṇho anaṅgaṇo acchindi bhavasallāni (one who has attained perfection, is without fear, free of thirst and pure, cut off the arrows of existence). There are four subjects, the adjectives niṭṭhaṅgato (has attained perfection, nominative singular), asantāsī (without fear, nominative singular), vītataṇho (free of thirst, nominative singular) and anaṅgaṇo (pure, nominative singular). The verb is acchindi (cut off, 3^rd person, singular, active, aorist). The object is the compound bhavasallāni (arrows of existence, accusative plural).
    2) antimoyaṃ samussayo (this is the very last life). The subject is the pronoun ayaṃ (this, nominative singular). The verb is omitted, implying the verb "to be". The object is the noun samussayo (body, nominative singular). It has an attribute, the adjective antimo (last, nominative singular).

    A large group of monks came to visit the Jetavana monastery. The Buddha's son, novice Rāhula had to sleep outside. Mara then took the form of an elephant and tried to scare Rāhula. But Rāhula did not show any trace of fear. The Buddha then came out and told Mara this verse (and the following one, DhP 352) telling him that Rāhula was an Arahant and could not be scared by anything in the world. Mara realized he lost and disappeared.

Sentence pronunciation

Word pronunciation:

niṭṭhaṅgato
niṭṭhaṅ
gato
asantāsī
vītataṇho
vīta
taṇho
anaṅgaṇo
acchindi
bhavasallāni
bhava
sallāni
antimo
ayaṃ
samussayo