| Gāthā | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
| Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
Fields are ruined by weeds. This mankind is ruined by
desires.
Therefore, what is given to those devoid of desires brings
much fruit.
tiṇa+dosāni
khettāni icchā+dosā
ayaṃ pajā
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N.n. Adj.n. N.n.
N.f. Adj.f. Pron.f.
N.f.
| Nom.Pl. Nom.Pl.
| Nom.Sg. Nom.Sg. Nom.Sg.
|______|
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|________|
|__________|
|______________|
List of Abbreviations
tasmā
hi vigata+icchesu dinnaṃ
hoti maha+pphalaṃ
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Pron. part. Adj. Adj.m.
Adj.n. V.act.in. Adj. Adj.n.
Abl.Sg. |
| Loc.Pl. Nom.Sg. 3.Sg.pres. |
Nom.Sg.
|________| |____|
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tiṇadosāni:
tiṇadosa-, Adj.: ruined by weeds. It
is a compound of:
tiṇa-,
N.n.: grass, weed.
dosa-, N.m.: corruption, fault.
Nom.Pl.n. = tiṇadosāni.
khettāni: khetta-, N.n.: field. Nom.Pl. = khettāni.
icchādosā:
icchādosa-, Adj.: ruined by desire.
It is a compound of:
icchā-,
N.f.: desire, longing. It is derived from the verb root icch- (to
want).
dosa-, N.m.: corruption, fault.
Nom.Sg.f. = icchādosā.
ayaṃ: idaṃ-, Pron.: this. Nom.Sg.f. = ayaṃ.
pajā: pajā-, N.f.: beings, people, mankind. Nom.Sg. = pajā.
tasmā: tad-, Pron.: that. Abl.Sg. = tasmā (therefore, lit. "from that").
List of Abbreviations
hi, part.: indeed.
vigaticchesu: vigaticcha-, Adj.: whose desires
are gone, devoid of desire. It is a compound of:
vigata-, Adj.: gone. It is
a p.p. of the verb gam- (to go) with the prefix vi- (away).
icchā-,
N.f.: desire, longing. It is derived from the verb root icch- (to
want).
Euphonic combination: vigata- + icchā-
= vigaticchā-.
Loc.Pl.m. = vigaticchesu.
dinnaṃ: dinna-, Adj.: given. It is a p.p. of the verb root dā- (to give). Nom.Sg.n. = dinnaṃ.
hoti, V. is. The verb root is bhū- (to be). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = bhavati or hoti.
mahapphalaṃ: mahapphala-,
Adj.: bearing much fruit. It is a compound of:
mahant-, Adj.: big, great,
much. The compound form used here: maha-.
phala-, N.n.: fruit.
Euphonic combination: maha- + phala- =
mahapphala-.
Nom.Sg.n. = mahapphalaṃ.
List of Abbreviations
This verse consists of three syntactically
separate sentences. They are:
1) tiṇadosāni
khettāni (fields are ruined by weeds).
The subject is the noun khettāni (fields,
nominative plural). The verb is omitted, implying the verb "to be". The
object is the compound tiṇadosāni
(ruined by weeds, nominative plural).
2) icchādosā
ayaṃ pajā
(this mankind is ruined by desires). The subject is the noun pajā
(mankind, nominative singular). It has an attribute, the pronoun ayaṃ
(this, nominative singular). The verb is omitted, implying the verb "to
be". The object is the compound icchādosā
(ruined by desires, nominative singular).
3) tasmā
hi vigaticchesu dinnaṃ hoti mahapphalaṃ
(therefore, what is given to those devoid of desires brings much fruit).
The subject is the past participle dinnaṃ
(given, nominative singular). It has an attribute, the compound vigaticchesu
(to those devoid of desires, locative plural). The verb is hoti
(is, 3rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense).
The object is the compound mahapphalaṃ
(of great fruit, nominative singular). The sentence is introduced by the
pronoun tasmā (therefore, "from that",
ablative singular). It is stressed by the particle hi (indeed).
The story for this verse is identical
with the one for three previous verses (DhP 356, DhP 357 and DhP 358).
By these four verses the Buddha stresses
the importance of giving alms to those who really deserve it. To give alms
to those who are just lazy to work for their living will do harm to the
society as well as to those people in question.
Word pronunciation:
tiṇadosāni
tiṇa
dosāni
khettāni
icchādosā
icchā
dosā
ayaṃ
pajā
tasmā
hi
vigaticchesu
vigata
icchesu
dinnaṃ
hoti
mahapphalaṃ
maha
phalaṃ