| Gāthā | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
| Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
Sweet is the speech of the monk, who has control over
his mouth, speaks cleverly,
is not proud, and explains the Dharma and its meaning.
yo
mukha+saṃyato bhikkhu manta+bhāṇī
anuddhato
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Rel.Pron.m. N.m. Adj.m.
N.m. N.m. Adj.m. Adj.m.
Nom.Sg.
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List of Abbreviations
atthaṃ dhammaṃ
ca dīpeti
madhuraṃ tassa bhāsitaṃ
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N.n. N.m.
conj. V.act.caus. Adj.n. Pron.m.
N.n.
Acc.Sg. Acc.Sg. |
3.Sg.pres. Nom.Sg. Gen.Sg. Nom.Sg.
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yo: yad-, Rel.Pron.: that which. Nom.Sg.m. = yo.
mukhasaṃyato:
mukhasaṃyata-, Adj.: with control over
mouth. It is a compound of:
mukha-, N.n.: mouth.
saṃyata-,
Adj.: restrained, controlled. It is derived from the verb yam- (to
restrain, to become tranquil) with the prefix sam- (together).
Nom.Sg.m. = mukhasaṃyato.
bhikkhu: bhikkhu-, N.m.: a (Buddhist) monk. Nom.Sg. = bhikkhu.
mantabhāṇī: mantabhāṇin-,
Adj.: reciter of sacred texts, clever speaker. It is a compound of:
manta-, N.m.: religious text,
sacred text, canon.
bhāṇin-,
Adj.: speaking. It is derived from the verb root bhaṇ-,
with the possessive suffix -in.
Nom.Sg.m. = mantabhāṇī.
anuddhato: anuddhata-, Adj.: not proud, unconceited. It is the word uddhata-, Adj,: proud, conceited (it is a p.p. of the verb root dhar-, to hold, with the prefix ud-, up) negated by the negative prefix an-. Nom.Sg.m. = anuddhato.
List of Abbreviations
atthaṃ: attha-, N.n.: meaning, worth, sense. Acc.Sg. = atthaṃ.
dhammaṃ: dhamma-, N.m.: Dharma, The Law, the teaching of the Buddha. Acc.Sg. = dhammaṃ.
ca, conj.: and.
dīpeti,
V.: to make bright, to illustrate, to explain. The verb root is dīp-
(to shine).
3.Sg.act.caus.pres. = dīpeti.
madhuraṃ: madhura-, Adj.: sweet. Nom.Sg.n. = madhuraṃ.
tassa: tad-, Pron.: that. Gen.Sg.m. = tassa.
bhāsitaṃ: bhāsita-, Adj.: spoken, said. It is a p.p. of the verb root bhās- (to speak). As an N.n.: speech, word. Nom.Sg. = bhāsitaṃ.
List of Abbreviations
This verse consists of two syntactically
related sentences. They are:
1) yo mukhasaṃyato
bhikkhu mantabhāṇī anuddhato atthaṃ
dhammaṃ ca dīpeti
(the monk, who has control over his mouth, speaks cleverly, is not proud,
and explains the Dharma and its meaning). The subject is the noun bhikkhu
(monk, nominative singular). It has three attributes, the adjectives mukhasaṃyato
(with control over mouth, nominative singular), mantabhāṇī
(clever speaker, nominative singular) and anuddhato (not proud,
nominative singular). The verb is dīpeti
(explains, 3rd person, singular, active, causative, present
tense). There are two objects, the nouns atthaṃ
(meaning, accusative singular) and dhammaṃ
(Dharma, accusative singular). They are connected by the conjunction ca
(and). The relative pronoun yo (who, nominative singular) introduces
the sentence and connects it to the following one.
2) madhuraṃ
tassa bhāsitaṃ
(sweet is his speech). The subject is the noun bhāsitaṃ
(speech, nominative singular). It has an attribute, the pronoun tassa
(his, genitive singular). The verb is omitted, implying the verb "to be".
The object is the adjective madhuraṃ
(sweet, nominative singular).
Venerable Sāriputta
and Venerable Moggallāna were abused by a
monk named Kokālika. As a result, suffering
befell Kokālika. The other monks then remarked
that he had to suffer because he could not control his tongue. The Buddha
replied with this verse, saying that control over one's mouth is very important.
Word pronunciation:
yo
mukhasaṃyato
mukha
saṃyato
bhikkhu
mantabhāṇī
manta
bhāṇī
anuddhato
atthaṃ
dhammaṃ
ca
dīpeti
madhuraṃ
tassa
bhāsitaṃ