Gāthā | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
This here are the basic tasks for the wise monk:
watchfulness over his senses, contentment and restraint
in the monk's precepts.
tatra ayam
ādi bhavati
idha paññassa bhikkhuno
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Adv. Pron.m. N.m.
V.act.in. Adv. Adj.m. N.m.
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3.Sg.pres. | Gen.Sg. Gen.Sg.
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List of Abbreviations
indriya+gutti santuṭṭhi
pātimokkhe ca saṃvaro
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N.n. N.f.
N.f. N.n.
conj. N.m.
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Loc.Sg. | Nom.Sg.
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tatra, Adv.: there.
ayam: idaṃ-,
Pron.: this. Nom.Sg.m. = ayam.
Euphonic combination: tatra + ayam = tatrāyam.
ādi: ādi-, N.m.: beginning, starting point. Nom.Sg. = ādi.
bhavati, V. is. The verb root is bhū- (to be). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = bhavati or hoti.
idha, Adv.: here.
paññassa: pañña-, Adj.: wise, endowed with wisdom. It is derived from the word paññā-, N.f.: wisdom. Gen.Sg.m. = paññassa.
bhikkhuno: bhikkhu-, N.m.: a (Buddhist) monk. Gen.Sg. = bhikkhuno.
List of Abbreviations
indriyagutti: indriyagutti-, N.m.: watchfulness
over one's senses. It is a compound of:
indriya-, N.n.: sense, faculty.
gutti-, N.f.: protection, watchfulness,
guard. It is derived from the verb root gup- (to protect).
Nom.Sg. = indriyagutti.
santuṭṭhi: santuṭṭhi-, N.f.: satisfaction, contentment. Nom.Sg. = santuṭṭhi.
pātimokkhe: pātimokkha-, N.n.: the collection of 227 basic precepts of the fully ordained Buddhist monk. Loc.Sg. = pātimokkhe.
ca, conj.: and.
saṃvaro: saṃvara-, N.m.: restraint. It is derived from the verb root var- (to cover) with the prefix saṃ- (together). Nom.Sg. = saṃvaro.
List of Abbreviations
The subject is the pronoun ayam
(this, nominative singular). The verb is bhavati (is, 3rd
person, singular, active, indicative, present tense). It has three attributes,
the adverbs tatra (there) and idha (here) and the noun bhikkhuno
(for a monk, genitive singular). This word has its own attribute, the adjective
paññassa (of wise, genitive singular).
The object is the noun ādi (beginning,
nominative singular). It has three attributes: the compound indriyagutti
(watchfulness over senses, nominative singular), the noun santuṭṭhi
(contentment, nominative singular) and the noun saṃvaro
(restraint, nominative singular). It has an attribute, the noun pātimokkhe
(in the monk's precepts, locative singular). The word saṃvaro
is connected to the previous attributes by the compound ca (and).
The story for this verse is identical
with the one for seven previous verses (DhP 368 - DhP 374) and also for
the following verse (DhP 376).
As a tree needs its roots in order
to be able to grow higher, so the life of a monk needs some basic roots
in order to be able to reach the Nirvana. They are: guarding of one's own
senses (mind being the sixth sense), contentment with what one has and
observing the 227 precepts of a monk, as given by the Buddha. If we nourish
these roots diligently and for a long time, the tree of wisdom will grow
higher and higher, fruiting in the attainment of Nirvana.
Word pronunciation:
tatra
ayam
ādi
bhavati
idha
paññassa
bhikkhuno
indriyagutti
indriya
gutti
santuṭṭhi
pātimokkhe
ca
saṃvaro