Gāthā | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
A wise one should want delight there, having renounced
the sense-pleasures,
without anything and having cleansed himself from the
impurities of mind.
tatra abhiratiṃ iccheyya
hitvā kāme
akiñcano
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Adv. N.f.
V.act. V.ger. N.m. Adj.m.
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List of Abbreviations
pariyodapeyya attānaṃ
citta+klesehi paṇḍito
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V.ger.
N.m. N.n. N.m. N.m.
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Acc.Sg. | Abl.Pl. Nom.Sg.
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tatra, Adv.: there.
abhiratiṃ: abhirati-,
N.f.: delight, content. Acc.Sg. = abhiratiṃ.
Euphonic combination: tatra + abhiratiṃ
= tatrābhiratiṃ.
iccheyya, V.: should want. The verb root is is-. 3.Sg.act.opt. = iccheyya.
hitvā, V.ger.: having abandoned. It is a ger. of the verb hā- (to leave, to give up).
kāme: kāma-, N.m.: sense-pleasure, sense desire. Acc.Pl. = kāme.
akiñcano: akiñcana-, Adj.: having nothing. It is the word kiñcana-, N.n.: something, anything with the negative prefix a-. Nom.Sg.m. = akiñcano.
List of Abbreviations
pariyodapeyya, V.ger.: having cleansed, purified. It is a ger. of the verb pariyodapeti. This is a causative form (odapeti) of the verb dā- (to clean) preceded by the prefix pari- (all around).
attānaṃ: attan-, N.m.: self, oneself. Acc.Sg. = attānaṃ.
cittaklesehi: cittaklesa-, N.m.: impurity
of the mind. It is a compound of:
citta-, N.n.: mind.
klesa-, N.m.: impurity, stain.
Abl.Pl. = cittaklesehi.
paṇḍito: paṇḍita-, N.m.: wise man, learned man. Nom.Sg. = paṇḍito.
List of Abbreviations
The subject of this sentence is the
noun paṇḍito (wise one, nominative
singular). It has an attribute, the noun akiñcano
(without anything, nominative singular). There are three clauses that form
loosely connected sentences with this word as a subject. They are:
1) tatrābhiratiṃ
iccheyya (he should want delight there). Here the verb is iccheyya
(should want, 3rd person, singular, active, optative). The object
is the noun abhiratiṃ (delight). It
has the adverb tatra (there) as an attribute.
2) hitvā
kāme (having renounced the sense-pleasures).
The verb is in gerundive, hitvā (having
renounced). The object is the noun kāme
(sense-pleasures, accusative plural).
3) pariyodapeyya attānaṃ
cittaklesehi (having cleansed himself from the impurities of mind).
The verb is again in gerundive, pariyodapeyya (having cleansed).
The object is the noun attānaṃ
(oneself, accusative singular) with its attribute, the compound cittaklesehi
(from the mind-impurities, ablative plural).
A group of monks came to see the Buddha
and asked him for advice on meditation. The Buddha advised them with this
verse and with the preceding and the following one (DhP 87, DhP 89).
In order to reach the awakenment,
one must abandon all cravings and "have nothing", or in other words, not
cling to anything. One must also purify the mind from the "impurities",
or greed, hate, delusion, conceit, speculative views, skeptical doubt,
mental torpor, restlessness, shamelessness and lack of moral dread.
This way, one will reach the state
of arahantship and then one can truly find delight in solitude.
Word pronunciation:
tatra
abhiratiṃ
iccheyya
hitvā
kāme
akiñcano
pariyodapeyya
attānaṃ
cittaklesehi
citta
klesehi
paṇḍito