Gullaume Rozenberg, Asia research institute (National University of Singapore)
關鍵詞
Sayadaw
摘要
This article addresses the role and meaning of different practices of giving in the production process of sainthood in Theravāda Buddhism. Its focus is an account of the birthday ceremony of Thamanya Hsayadaw, the most venerated monk in contemporary Burma. Two ways of giving are defined, reciprocity and redistribution, which appear in the course of the ceremony and which correspond to the two most standard kinds of giving involving a Theravādin monk in a social relationship. The birthday ceremony itself is then described and discussed on two complementary levels. First, the meaning and implications of the gifts made during the ceremony are scrutinized. Second, at a more comprehensive level, the analysis shows that each of these gifts falls within a specific configuration and participates in a sanctification mechanism. This process entails not just the simple addition of various gifts but also their general articulation. It is this sanctifying dynamic of giving that is examined in detail. / Cet article traite du rïle et de la signification de différentes pratiques de don dans le processus de sanctification dans le contexte du bouddhisme du Theravāda. Il se concentre sur le récit de la cérémonie d'anniversaire de Thamanya Hsayadaw, le moine le plus vénéré de Birmanie. Les deux types d'échange les plus courants impliquant un moine bouddhiste, la réciprocité et la redistribution, sont d'abord définis. La cérémonie d'anniversaire est ensuite décrite et analysée à deux niveaux complémentaires. D'une part, la signification et les implications de chacun des dons effectués pendant la cérémonie sont examinées. D'autre part, l'analyse montre que la cérémonie, loin de consister en la simple addition de ces différents dons, les articule en les inscrivant dans une configuration spécifique, où s'opère une mécanique de sanctification. C'est cette dynamique sanctifiante sous-jacente à la circulation des dons que l'étude de la cérémonie fait en définitive apparaître.
目次
the problem: giving and the production of sainthood 495 two categories of Buddhist giving: reciprocity and redistribution 498 the monk-lay person reciprocal relationship: when passivity is activity 498 redistribution: the idiom of detachment 499 what imparts the full sociological potency to the act of giving? 500 Thamanya Hsayadaw's birthday (I): reciprocity at work 501 providing abundance 502 revitalizing Buddhism 504 infusing power 506 juxtaposed gifts: the cumulative process of sanctification 506 Thamanya Hsayadaw's birthday (II): redistribution at work 507 redistributing while receiving 507 compressing a long sanctification process 508 the gift that elevates, the gift that deflates 510Thamanya Hsayadaw, dumont and durkheim 511 notes 513 references 515 Le don qui sanctifie: l'anniversaire de Thamanya Hasayadaw en Birmanie 515 resume515
