The objective of this research is to study the concept of Aniccata in Theravada Buddhist Philosophy as found in Tipitaka and other Buddhist literary works by considering only 4 points in both metaphysical and ethical aspects, viz :
(1) Aniccata-explanations presented by Buddhist Philosophy (2) Aniccata as the rejection of eternalism (sassataditthi) and annihilationism(ucchedaditthi) (3) The value of aniccata in the ethical aspect (4) Aniccata as the basis and center for explaining the other teachings. The outcome of this research can be briefed into 4 sections :
1. The Buddhist Philosophy indicates that Aniccata is the change which is the common characteristics of all the conditioned things. They are transient, impermanent, changeable, in the stream of rising, continuance, and destruction every moment. The conditioned things are not complete in themselves, originated from many factors, they, therefore, are relative, interdependent, interconnected, and existent in the form of the currence of arising and disappearance constantly. The change mentioned as such is nothing but phenomena of the world and livings. It is not created by gods. Although this change is just the picture of phenomena, but it does not occur accidentally. It depends upon many factors apparent in the series of the certain principle.
2. The Aniccata (change) is the middle concept which rejects eternalism (sassataditthi) and annihilationism (ucchedaditthi). According to Buddhist Philosophy, the world and self can not be regarded as eternal and annihilated. Buddhist Philosophy insists that all the conditioned things are changeable, impermanent, unstable. They continue depending upon other conditions. They are relative, interdependent, and interconnected. Because of arising of this one, that one arises, because of arising of that one, this one arises. At the same time, because of cessation this one, that one ceases, because of cessation of that one, this one ceases.
3. The metaphysical concept of Aniccata which reflects the world and livings consists of the ethical values :
3.1 When the man undergoes various changes. They can control their mind because of convincing all the phenomena as they are. The man are possessed of independent mind, the mind is not overpowered by internal and external objects. This is regarded as a spiritual value.
3.2 Aniccata gives rise to heedfulness. The man will hurry up to do their own activities with an independent mind, because they realize that the change occurs depending conditions. This is regarded as a value for activity.
4. Aniccata is the basis and centre for comprehension of Dukkhata, Anattata, and other concepts in Theravada Buddhist Philosophy, because all the Buddha's teachings have interrelated, come from the same origin and lead the practitioners to the same goal.
