This new volume from the Foundation of Buddhist Thought series, provides a stand-alone and systematic - but accessible - entry into how Buddhism understands the mind. Geshe Tashi, an English-speaking Tibetan monk who lives in London, was trained from boyhood in a traditional Tibetan monastery and is adept in communicating this classical training to a modern Western audience.
Buddhist Psychology addresses both the nature of the mind and how we know what we know. Just as scientists observe and catalog the material world, Buddhists for centuries have been observing and cataloging the components of inner experience. The result is a rich and subtle knowledge that can be harnessed to the goal of increasing human well being.
目次
Preface xi Editor's Preface xv 1. Mind in Buddhism 1 An Inner Science 1 The Mind in Buddhist Texts 4 The Monastic Study of The Mind 8 Why Study the Mind? 10 The Nature of Mind 12 Mind Is Not Body 13 Mind Is Clear and Knowing 16 Conclusion 19 2. Main Mind and Mental Factors 21 Main Mind 21 The Six Main Minds 24 The Sensory Main Minds 27 Mental Factors 29 Always-Present Mental Factors 30 Contact 31 Discernment 31 Feeling 32 Intention 34 Attention 36 Object-Ascertaining Mental Factors 37 Aspiration 38 Appreciation 39 Recollection 39 Concentration 40 Intelligence 41 3. Mental Afflictions 43 Variable Mental Factors 43 Sleep 43 Regret 44 General Examination 45 Precise Analysis 45 The Three Zones 45 The First Zone and The Three Main Mental Afflictions 50 Ignorance 51 Attachment 53 Aversion 54 The Second Zone 54 The Third Zone 58 Looking at Individual Mental Factors 59 How the Derivative Mental Afflictions Arise 61 4. Dealing With Negative Emotions 65 The Cause of Anger 68 Anger and Logic 70 Meditating on Anger 71 Developing Equanimity 73 Offering the Victory to Others 74 Developing Patience 76 Developing Love 79 5. Wholesome Mental Factors 81 The Three Fundamental Positive Minds 81 The Traditional Eleven Positive Minds 84 The Pyramid of the Three Trainings 86 Positive Minds in The Second Zone 88 The Noble Eightfold Path in the Three Zones 88 Compassion and Self-Confidence 90 Positive Minds in The Third Zone 91 Work Toward Long-term Goals 93 6. Epistemology: Conception and Perception 95 Epistemology in Buddhism 95 Conception 96 Conceptual Thoughts Engage Through Elimination 98 Conceptual Thoughts Are Always Mistaken 99 Conceptual Thoughts Provide Cognitive Content 101 Implicative and Nonimplicative Negation 102 How the Mind Generalizes 103 Perception 106 Aspect 107 Comparing Perceptual and Conceptual Minds 110 Valid Cognition 113 Pramana 113 The Etymology of Pramana 114 Nondeceptiveness 115 Novelty 116 Inferential Valid Cognitions 118 7. Moving Toward Knowledge 121 The Sevenfold Division 121 Wrong Consciousnesses 121 Doubting Consciousnesses 126 Non-Ascertaining Consciousnesses 127 Correctly Assuming Consciousnesses 128 Subsequent Cognizers 129 Inferential Cognizers 129 Valid Direct Perceivers 130 Differences in Process Between Wisdom and Method 133 Appendix: The Fifty-one Mental Factors 137 Notes 139 Glossary 142 Bibliography 149 Index 151 About the Authors 159 The Foundation of Buddhist Thought 160
