Self Control; Philosophy; Rehabilitation; Zen Meditation
摘要
An attempt is made to understand the behaviors involved in two different self-control strategies: Zen meditation and behavioral self-management. The first technique is derived from the Eastern "religious-Philosophical" tradition of Zen Buddhism; the other technique is derived from laboratory and field studies in Western settings. Using tools of naturalistic observation and experimental analysis, Zen meditation is conceptualized as a sequence of behaviors involving certain cues and consequences, and thereby being under explicit contingency arrangements. The same tools of experimental analysis are then applied to the behavioral self-management techniques, and a series of comparisons and contrasts are made between the two. After briefly reviewing the clinical outcome literature for both strategies, the paper concludes with a discussion of the rehabilitative and preventive benefits which may be gained from a combination of the two techniques.
目次
Abstract 3 Formal Zen Meditation: A Behavioral Analysis 6 Preparation 6 The Target Behavior 6 Summary 10 Informal Meditation 11 Behavioral Self-Management 12 Self-Observation 12 Self-Evaluation and Goal Setting 14 Environmental Planning 15 Systematic Desensitization 16 Behavioral Programming 18 A Synthesis of Zen Meditation and Behavioral Self-Management Techniques 21 Informal Meditation Plus Behavioral Self-Management Techniques: "Contingent Informal Meditation" 21 Formal Meditation Plus Behavioral Self-Management Techniques 22 Summary 25 Conclusion 25 References 28
