Late Han Vernacular Elements in the Earliest Buddhist Translations (E. Zurchur, Leiden) 一文中說： The second striking feature is the fact that so many binomes are reversible. About fifty lexical compounds occur in the variant forms AB and Ba, in most cases without any perceptible semantic difference, although there is generally a marked preference for one of the two forms. Thus we find, among the verbal compounds, e.g.長養，vs.養長，照明vs.明照，潔淨vs.淨潔，索盡vs.盡索，亡失vs.失亡，among nominal compounds we find e.g.家室vs.室家，塵垢vs. 垢塵，盜賊vs.賊盜，and adverbial compounds e.g.皆悉vs. 悉皆，身自vs.自身this flexibility suggests that in the third century AD lexical composition still was in a productive and formative stage, in which many compounds had not yet frozen into their later, fixed forms. 早期佛經的例子如(括號數字是大正藏的經號)： (1)弟欺其兄婦欺其夫。家室中外知識相訟。各懷貪淫心毒瞋怒。(362)/如是曹人男子女人。心意俱然違戾反逆。愚癡蒙籠瞋怒嗜欲無所識知。(362)(2)諸有泥犁禽獸薜荔諸有考治勤苦處。即皆休止不復治。(362)/貪狼於財色。坐之不得道。當更勤苦。極在惡處生。終不得止休。(362)(3)若世有是佛。皆慈愍哀之威神摧動。眾惡諸事皆消化之。(362)/阿彌陀佛哀愍。威神引之去爾。(362)(4)行步苦極。坐起呻吟。憂悲惱苦。識神轉滅。便旋即忘。(581)/目不見色。耳不聞音。不淨流出。身臥其上。心懷苦惱。言輒悲哀。(581)(5)今舍日壞敗。爾時第二忉利天王釋提桓因坐即為動搖。(556)/相嫉更相鬥亂。憎嫉善人敗壞賢善。於旁快之。復不孝順供養父母。(362)我們認為其中許多易序詞在詞義與語法功能上是有區別的，本文將一一討論。
