Scope and Focus 1. An Overview of Zen Organizations in Europe 1. 1. Early Developments (1787-1930s) 1. 2. Founders 1. 3. Current Situation and Limitations of the Listing Approach 2. Issues in a Network of European Zen Groups 2. 1. Issues of Sustainability 2. 2. Issues of Legitimacy Repetition of the tradition Adaptation of the tradition Critical stance toward the tradition Borrowing of the tradition 2. 3. Issues of Authority Conclusion:Toward a Mediology of Zen in Europe