伊利諾大學香檳校區東亞系=Universityof Illinois at Urbana and Champain, Departmentof East Asia Languages and Cultures
關鍵詞
毗婆奢那 (內觀)=vipassana (insight); 毗婆奢那禪修法 (內觀禪修法)=vipassana bhavana (the cultivation of insight); 奢摩他=samatha (calm); 關係; 理性思考=relationship and intellectualactivity
摘要
就修學證道的觀點而言，毗婆奢那 (內觀) 的禪修法和奢摩他 (止) 的禪修法，有否必然的關係呢? 行者是否可以不靠這兩種禪法，單以理性思考，辯證和分析推理的方式，除去所有的煩惱而證得涅槃呢? 本文就是從南傳佛教的觀點來探討上述的問題. 由於這些問題涉及到vipassana及vipassana bhavana (毗婆奢那禪修/ 內觀禪修) 等內涵，本文將先探討這些用語所談的本質，特色及具體修法. 接著，才探討毗婆奢那禪修法和奢摩他的禪修法間的關係. 本文所採用的方式不只是從文字，經典的角度來看這些問題，也從實修的觀點來探討這些問題. 因此，本文所用的資料，除南傳的四部尼柯耶等經典外，也參考《清淨道論》，南傳《解脫道論》及近代南傳修學有成的幾位禪師的觀點. What is the relationship betweeninsight meditation (vipassanameditation) and serenity/ calm meditation (samatha meditation) in terms ofattaining enlightenment? Is thereany way，which is purely intellectual approach, could lead to liberation fromall the defilements requiring not help at all of meditation? This essay attempts to investigate theaforementioned issues posed by some articles which propose that vipassan? is a kind of intellectualactivity and it could lead to the final goal，nibban?，without the help of meditation. Since this issue is caused by theterm “vipassana” (insight),this essay，firstly，will concentrate on examining the nature，characteristicsand the practice of vipassanaas well as a very similar term “vipassana bhavana”(the cultivation of insight). Thengoes further to investigate the relationship between vipassana and samatha meditation. The approach taken by this essayis not only consulting the resources of Nikayas, Pa?isambhidamagga, and Visuddhimagga, butalso takes the contemporary works of some Theravada masters into account.
