In this article，the author tries to put forward a suggestion that in the late ming dynasty (1567-1644)，the Buddhism in china inherited the synthetic spirit of Chinese Buddhism，demonstrating a special situation of synthesis such as the confluence of Zen Buddhism and pure-land，the interaction between buddhit theory and its practice，the connection of exotic and esoteric schools, the dialogue between buddhism and Neo-Confucianism，and even the communication between Buddhism and Taoism. Facing a variety of social trends of thought，the Buddhism tried to give its own response in thought to the reality of the late ming dynasty. On the other hand，however，confronted with the two Buddhist traditions of India and China, the Buddhist in the late ming dynasty had to be concerned with the question about how to reunite the social and the Buddhist traditions. Thus, the author believes, the Buddhism in the late ming dynasty generally expressed an evident inclination of historical reduction to the Buddhist tradition. Such an inclination became the fundamental orientation of the Buddhist renewal movement，and the Buddhist synthetic spirit became the basic way of the renaissance. Therefore，the synthesis of the Buddhist theories and the historical reduction to the Buddhist tradition were the two significant in the renewal of Buddhism in the late ming dynasty. Based on their interaction and mutual complement，the idea to reform the samgha in reality eventually created the prosperity of the Buddhist reformation. Appealing to the historical process, the author points out that there were four specific characteristics of the Buddhism renaissance movement in the late ming dynasty：(1) the complexity of multi-polarities; (2) the synthetic or associated orientation of ideas based on the reality; (3) the inclination of historical reduction to the Buddhist tradition; and (4) the reformation combined with the historical reduction and the synthesis in the Buddhist reality. It is the four characteristics of thought that promoted the revival of the Buddhism in the late ming dynasty. And the prosperity of Buddhism，which scholars called “Buddhism in Wan-li” (573-1620)，represented specifically the accomplishment of the movement.
