In the Buddhist canon (prātimoka), there are some items related to the principle of "not preaching to the person of bad manner." However, among the various Chinese editions of these commandments, we find these items considerably different from each other, not only in letter but also in spirit. Since some of the sentences obviously contradict the Eluddha1s original teachings, the authenticity of these sentences becomes suspectable. As a study of the sinicization of Buddhism, this essay analyzes the Buddha's teachings about the relationship between śramana and laymen (including the monarch), as well as the background for the appearance of those "suspectable" sentences.
