A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
目次
Table of Contents Dedication………………………………………………………………………………ii Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………………iii List of Abbreviations……………………………………………………………………..ix Chapter I. Introduction…………………………………………………………………..1 Senses of Miracle………………..…………………………………………….1 South Asian Buddhist Literature…………………………………………..…10 Buddhist Miracle Tales: Text and Context…………………………………..13 II. The Buddhist Miracle………………………………………………………22 The Smile of the Buddha……………………….……………………………22 Miracles of Superhuman Power and Teaching the Dharma…………………31 Three Monastic Rules (and Various Exceptions)……………...……….……38 The Buddhist Miracle: Two “Discursive Strands”…………………………..47 Conclusion………………………………………………………………55 III. Miracle Types, Miracle Tales………………………………………………62 Miracle Tales in South Asian Buddhist Literature…………………..………64 Three Types of Miracle in Narrative Form……………………………..……71 Conflicts and Motivations…………………………………………….…..…87 A Crescendo of Miracles…………………………………………….………97 An Act of Truth and the Rhetoric of the Miracle…………………….……101 Conclusion…………………………………………………………….……107 IV. Superhuman Powers and the Buddhist Path…………………………....112 The Constituents of Awakening…………………………………………….115 Various Types of Superhuman Powers………………...…………………120 Acquisition, Use, and Failure of Superhuman Powers……………………134 Common and Noble, Mundane and “Transcendent”………….….......……140 Hierarchies of Beings……………………………….………………………146 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………154 V. Miracles and Magic in Mahāyāna Buddhist Literature……………...…161 One Buddha, Many Buddhas (also, Buddhas and their Bodies)…………..163 Miraculous Visions of Many Worlds……………………….………………168 The Buddha as Magician; Reality as a Magical Illusion…………………173 The Miracles of the Vimalakīrtinirdeśa…………………………………….185 The Vision of Maitreya’s Tower……………………………………………196 Conclusion……………………………………………………………….…201 VI. Final Reflections………..……….…………………………………………208 Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………218
